<turbo-stream action="append" target="audio_clips_list"><template>
    <hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823659-roman-exceptionalism-vs-human-tragedy-colleagues-scott-mcgill-and-susanna-wright-they-discuss-w"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a68d73; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289690/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep247: ROMAN EXCEPTIONALISM VS. HUMAN TRAGEDY Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. They discuss whether the Aeneid justifies Roman empire or tells a human story. McGill argues the poem survives because it creates sympathy for antagonists like Dido and Tur
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ROMAN EXCEPTIONALISM VS. HUMAN TRAGEDY Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. They discuss whether the Aeneid justifies Roman empire or tells a human story. McGill argues the poem survives because it creates sympathy for antagonists like Dido and Turnus. They explore how Virgil portrays the costs of empire and Aeneas&#39;s rage, complicating the narrative of Augustan propaganda. NUMBER 12
1772...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707455" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823658-the-aeneid-s-plot-and-homeric-influences-colleagues-scott-mcgill-and-susanna-wright-mcgill-and-w"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #404026; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289641/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep247: THE AENEID&#39;S PLOT AND HOMERIC INFLUENCES Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. McGill and Wright summarize the plot, from Troy&#39;s destruction to the war in Italy. They analyze Virgil&#39;s dialogue with Homer, noting how the poem&#39;s opening words invoke b
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE AENEID&#39;S PLOT AND HOMERIC INFLUENCES Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. McGill and Wright summarize the plot, from Troy&#39;s destruction to the war in Italy. They analyze Virgil&#39;s dialogue with Homer, noting how the poem&#39;s opening words invoke both the Iliad&#39;s warfare and the Odyssey&#39;s wanderings. They also highlight the terrifying, visual nature of Virgil&#39;s depiction of the underworl...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707431" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823657-translating-the-sound-and-meter-of-virgil-colleagues-scott-mcgill-and-susanna-wright-the-transla"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #735a5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289627/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: TRANSLATING THE SOUND AND METER OF VIRGIL Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. The translators explain choosing iambic pentameter over dactylic hexameter to provide an English cultural equivalent to the original&#39;s epic feel. They describe their eff
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
TRANSLATING THE SOUND AND METER OF VIRGIL Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. The translators explain choosing iambic pentameter over dactylic hexameter to provide an English cultural equivalent to the original&#39;s epic feel. They describe their efforts to replicate Virgil&#39;s auditory effects, such as alliteration and assonance, and preserve specific line repetitions that connect character...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707381" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823656-virgil-s-rural-origins-and-augustan-connection-colleagues-scott-mcgill-and-susanna-wright-the-gu"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289625/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: VIRGIL&#39;S RURAL ORIGINS AND AUGUSTAN CONNECTION Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. The guests discuss Virgil&#39;s birth in 70 BCE near Mantua and his rural upbringing, which influenced his poetry. They trace his move to Rome during civil war and his 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
VIRGIL&#39;S RURAL ORIGINS AND AUGUSTAN CONNECTION Colleagues Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. The guests discuss Virgil&#39;s birth in 70 BCE near Mantua and his rural upbringing, which influenced his poetry. They trace his move to Rome during civil war and his eventual connection to Augustus, noting that Virgil promised a grand epic for the emperor in his earlier work, the Georgics. NUMBER 9
1450 AEN...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707359" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823655-the-q-source-and-mary-s-teachings-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-identifies-the-q-source-as-a-col"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289621/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: THE Q SOURCE AND MARY&#39;S TEACHINGS Colleague James Tabor. Tabor identifies the &quot;Q&quot; source as a collection of ethical teachings shared by Matthew and Luke. He attributes these core values—such as charity and humility—to a family tradition taught by Mary to 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE Q SOURCE AND MARY&#39;S TEACHINGS Colleague James Tabor. Tabor identifies the &quot;Q&quot; source as a collection of ethical teachings shared by Matthew and Luke. He attributes these core values—such as charity and humility—to a family tradition taught by Mary to Jesus, James, and John the Baptizer, aiming to restore Mary&#39;shistorical influence as a teacher. NUMBER 8
1891 NAZARETH
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707330" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823654-the-talpiot-tomb-and-dna-evidence-colleague-james-tabor-discussing-the-talpiot-tomb-tabor-detai"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289619/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: THE TALPIOT TOMB AND DNA EVIDENCE Colleague James Tabor. Discussing the Talpiot tomb, Tabor details ossuaries bearing names like &quot;Jesus son of Joseph&quot; and &quot;Mariamne.&quot; He argues statistical clusters and potential DNA evidence suggest this is the Jesus fami
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE TALPIOT TOMB AND DNA EVIDENCE Colleague James Tabor. Discussing the Talpiot tomb, Tabor details ossuaries bearing names like &quot;Jesus son of Joseph&quot; and &quot;Mariamne.&quot; He argues statistical clusters and potential DNA evidence suggest this is the Jesus family tomb, positing that physical remains support historical existence without necessarily negating the concept of spiritual resurrection. NUMBE...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
12m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707299" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
12m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823653-the-flight-to-pella-and-mary-s-death-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-discusses-the-christian-flight"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3dada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289615/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: THE FLIGHT TO PELLA AND MARY&#39;S DEATH Colleague James Tabor. Tabor discusses the Christian flight to Pella during the Roman revolt. He speculates Mary died before this event, likely around 49–63 CE, and was buried on Mount Zion. Consequently, she disappear
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE FLIGHT TO PELLA AND MARY&#39;S DEATH Colleague James Tabor. Tabor discusses the Christian flight to Pella during the Roman revolt. He speculates Mary died before this event, likely around 49–63 CE, and was buried on Mount Zion. Consequently, she disappears from the New Testament record, which shifts focus to Peter and Paul after the Jerusalem church&#39;s dispersal. NUMBER 6
1936 DISORDER IN NAZARETH
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707275" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823652-the-headquarters-on-mount-zion-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-describes-excavations-on-mount-zion"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289611/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: THE HEADQUARTERS ON MOUNT ZION Colleague James Tabor. Tabor describes excavations on Mount Zion, identifying a first-century house foundation as the &quot;upper room&quot; and headquarters of the early movement. He visualizes Mary as the matriarch in this courtyard
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE HEADQUARTERS ON MOUNT ZION Colleague James Tabor. Tabor describes excavations on Mount Zion, identifying a first-century house foundation as the &quot;upper room&quot; and headquarters of the early movement. He visualizes Mary as the matriarch in this courtyard, welcoming pilgrims and apostles like Paul, and establishes James as the leader of this house synagogue. NUMBER 5
1940 NAZARETH PILGRIMS
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707247" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823651-james-the-just-as-true-successor-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-asserts-james-jesus-s-brother-was"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289609/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: JAMES THE JUST AS TRUE SUCCESSOR Colleague James Tabor. Tabor asserts James, Jesus&#39;s brother, was the movement&#39;s true successor, not Peter. Citing Acts and the Gospel of Thomas, he notes James led the Jerusalem council and stood at the cross. Tabor argues
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
JAMES THE JUST AS TRUE SUCCESSOR Colleague James Tabor. Tabor asserts James, Jesus&#39;s brother, was the movement&#39;s true successor, not Peter. Citing Acts and the Gospel of Thomas, he notes James led the Jerusalem council and stood at the cross. Tabor argues the &quot;beloved disciple&quot; entrusted with Mary&#39;s care was this blood brother, not Johnthe fisherman. NUMBER 4
1657 NAZARETH
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707209" data-format="short_date">Dec 26, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823650-reclaiming-the-historical-jewish-family-colleague-james-tabor-highlighting-the-protoevangelium-o"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289605/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep246: RECLAIMING THE HISTORICAL JEWISH FAMILY Colleague James Tabor. Highlighting the Protoevangelium of James, Tabor contrasts its depiction of a perpetual virgin Mary with historical evidence of a large Jewish family. He argues Mary had numerous children and 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
RECLAIMING THE HISTORICAL JEWISH FAMILY Colleague James Tabor. Highlighting the Protoevangelium of James, Tabor contrasts its depiction of a perpetual virgin Mary with historical evidence of a large Jewish family. He argues Mary had numerous children and that her parents were likely wealthy property owners in Sepphoris, integrating Jesus into a close-knit extended family. NUMBER 3
1940 SEPHORIS
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707182" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823649-investigating-the-name-pantera-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-explores-the-name-pantera-found-in"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737373; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289603/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep245: INVESTIGATING THE NAME PANTERA Colleague James Tabor. Tabor explores the name &quot;Pantera,&quot; found in rabbinic texts and on a Roman soldier&#39;s tombstone. He suggests this might be a family name rather than a slur, investigating the possibility that Jesus&#39;s fat
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
INVESTIGATING THE NAME PANTERA Colleague James Tabor. Tabor explores the name &quot;Pantera,&quot; found in rabbinic texts and on a Roman soldier&#39;s tombstone. He suggests this might be a family name rather than a slur, investigating the possibility that Jesus&#39;s father was a relative or soldier, which challenges the theological narrative of a virgin birth. NUMBER 2
1920 SEPHORIS
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707131" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823648-sepphoris-and-the-historical-context-of-mary-s-life-colleague-james-tabor-tabor-identifies-sepph"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289601/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep245: SEPPHORIS AND THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF MARY&#39;S LIFE Colleague James Tabor. Tabor identifies Sepphoris, a Roman capital near Nazareth, as Mary&#39;s birthplace. He reimagines Jesus and Joseph as &quot;tektons&quot; (builders) working in this urban center rather than sim
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SEPPHORIS AND THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF MARY&#39;S LIFE Colleague James Tabor. Tabor identifies Sepphoris, a Roman capital near Nazareth, as Mary&#39;s birthplace. He reimagines Jesus and Joseph as &quot;tektons&quot; (builders) working in this urban center rather than simple carpenters. This proximity meant Mary witnessed Romanbrutality and the city&#39;s destruction, influencing her family&#39;s spiritual views on the...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
12m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766707103" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
12m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823626-preview-guests-scott-mcgill-and-susanna-wright-rice-university-classicists-mcgill-and-wright-di"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289348/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep244: PREVIEW Guests: Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. Rice University classicists McGill and Wright discuss their new translation of Virgil&#39;s Aeneid, a &quot;Hollywood worthy&quot; epic detailing the origins of Rome. The narrative follows Aeneas leading a band of refuge
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guests: Scott McGill and Susanna Wright. Rice University classicists McGill and Wright discuss their new translation of Virgil&#39;s Aeneid, a &quot;Hollywood worthy&quot; epic detailing the origins of Rome. The narrative follows Aeneas leading a band of refugees from the burning ruins of Troy westward to their destined home in Italy. Their journey is fraught with the goddess Juno&#39;s opposition, leadi...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
3m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766692439" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
3m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823623-preview-guest-douglas-boin-this-discussion-centers-on-boin-s-new-book-regarding-clodia-who-was"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #735a40; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289335/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep243: PREVIEW Guest: Douglas Boin. This discussion centers on Boin&#39;s new book regarding Clodia, who was the wealthiest woman in Rome during the tumultuous era of Julius Caesar. The narrative explores why Cicero, the era&#39;s most famous lawyer, became obsessed wit
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Douglas Boin. This discussion centers on Boin&#39;s new book regarding Clodia, who was the wealthiest woman in Rome during the tumultuous era of Julius Caesar. The narrative explores why Cicero, the era&#39;s most famous lawyer, became obsessed with her, resulting in her prosecution and humiliation in the Roman Senate. While the historian Plutarch later hinted at a romantic interest, ava...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766690859" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823614-professor-matthew-longo-reflecting-on-the-site-thirty-years-later-longo-discusses-the-philosoph"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289290/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep242: Professor Matthew Longo. Reflecting on the site thirty years later, Longo discusses the philosophical implications of freedom using Isaiah Berlin and Hannah Arendt. He contrasts Western &quot;negative liberty&quot; with the solidarity desired by East Germans, notin
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Matthew Longo. Reflecting on the site thirty years later, Longo discusses the philosophical implications of freedom using Isaiah Berlin and Hannah Arendt. He contrasts Western &quot;negative liberty&quot; with the solidarity desired by East Germans, noting how the former borderland has transformed into an unremarkable green belt.
1985 CZECH FRONTIER
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766688132" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823613-professor-matthew-longo-longo-describes-the-tension-at-the-campsite-where-east-german-refugees"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #405a8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289285/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep242: Professor Matthew Longo. Longo describes the tension at the campsite where East German refugees, monitored by Stasi agents, gathered. He recounts the chaotic border breakthrough, highlighting the moral choice of Hungarian guards who allowed refugees to cr
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Matthew Longo. Longo describes the tension at the campsite where East German refugees, monitored by Stasi agents, gathered. He recounts the chaotic border breakthrough, highlighting the moral choice of Hungarian guards who allowed refugees to cross into Austria rather than shooting, marking a bloodless victory for freedom.

2016 GERMANY
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
14m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766688054" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
14m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823612-professor-matthew-longo-longo-shifts-focus-to-radical-nobodies-specifically-activists-ferenc"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289278/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep242: Professor Matthew Longo. Longo shifts focus to &quot;radical nobodies,&quot; specifically activists Ferenc and Maria, who conceived the Pan-European Picnic. He describes their audacious, naive plan to host a party at the lethal Iron Curtain border near Sopron, inte
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Matthew Longo. Longo shifts focus to &quot;radical nobodies,&quot; specifically activists Ferenc and Maria, who conceived the Pan-European Picnic. He describes their audacious, naive plan to host a party at the lethal Iron Curtainborder near Sopron, intending to celebrate European togetherness and unwittingly sparking a major historical event.

NOVEMBER 1961 BERLIN
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766687745" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823610-professor-matthew-longo-longo-details-the-geopolitical-backdrop-of-1989-focusing-on-hungarian-p"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43289270/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep242: Professor Matthew Longo. Longo details the geopolitical backdrop of 1989, focusing on Hungarian Prime Minister Miklós Németh. He explains Németh&#39;s clash with Romania&#39;s Ceaușescu and a pivotal, secret meeting with Gorbachev, where Németh received tacit app
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Matthew Longo. Longo details the geopolitical backdrop of 1989, focusing on Hungarian Prime Minister Miklós Németh. He explains Németh&#39;s clash with Romania&#39;s Ceaușescu and a pivotal, secret meeting with Gorbachev, where Németh received tacit approval to dismantle the Iron Curtain&#39;s physical border defenses.

1960S
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766687692" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823529-professor-barry-strauss-following-the-gallus-revolt-in-351-ad-rome-eventually-renamed-judea-to"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a68d73; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288842/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Following the Gallus revolt in 351 AD, Rome eventually renamed Judea to Syria Palaestina to erase Jewish connection to the land. Control shifted to the Byzantines and then the Muslims in the 7th century, significantly altering the
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Following the Gallus revolt in 351 AD, Rome eventually renamed Judea to Syria Palaestinato erase Jewish connection to the land. Control shifted to the Byzantines and then the Muslims in the 7th century, significantly altering the religious and political landscape of Jerusalem.

2010 MASADA
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766637578" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823528-professor-barry-strauss-in-132-ad-simon-bar-kokhba-led-a-major-rebellion-utilizing-underground"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288837/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. In 132 AD, Simon Bar Kokhba led a major rebellion, utilizing underground tunnels and guerrilla warfare to ambush Roman forces. Viewed by many, including Rabbi Akiva, as a Messiah, he established a short-lived administration that i
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. In 132 AD, Simon Bar Kokhba led a major rebellion, utilizing underground tunnels and guerrilla warfare to ambush Roman forces. Viewed by many, including Rabbi Akiva, as a Messiah, he established a short-lived administration that issued coins before Rome ruthlessly crushed the revolt and killed him at Betar.

1850 SIEGE JERUSALEM
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766637177" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823527-professor-barry-strauss-hadrian-rebuilt-jerusalem-as-aelia-capitolina-dedicating-it-to-jupiter"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5a5a5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288830/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Hadrian rebuilt Jerusalem as Aelia Capitolina, dedicating it to Jupiter and banning the Jewish Temple to crush rebellious spirits. While Rome viewed Jewish monotheism with confusion, the Parthians maintained good relations with th
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Hadrian rebuilt Jerusalem as Aelia Capitolina, dedicating it to Jupiter and banning the Jewish Temple to crush rebellious spirits. While Rome viewed Jewish monotheism with confusion, the Parthiansmaintained good relations with their Jewish population, who had helped them against Roman aggression.

1920 MASADA
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766636673" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823526-professor-barry-strauss-during-trajan-s-campaign-against-parthia-a-coordinated-jewish-revolt-er"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288825/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. During Trajan&#39;s campaign against Parthia, a coordinated Jewish revolt erupted across Libya, Egypt, and Cyprus. This massive insurgency threatened Rome&#39;s grain supply, forcing Trajan to divert troops. The suppression of this revolt
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. During Trajan&#39;s campaign against Parthia, a coordinated Jewish revolt erupted across Libya, Egypt, and Cyprus. This massive insurgency threatened Rome&#39;s grain supply, forcing Trajan to divert troops. The suppression of this revolt devastated the historic Jewish community in Alexandria and strained Roman resources.

1843 MASADA
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766636230" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823525-professor-barry-strauss-titus-destroyed-jerusalem-and-the-second-temple-in-70-ad-leaving-the-ci"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288820/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Titus destroyed Jerusalem and the Second Temple in 70 AD, leaving the city in ruins and enslaving survivors. Rome established a permanent legion to ensure security. The revolt concluded with the fall of Masada, where defenders lar
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Titus destroyed Jerusalem and the Second Temple in 70 AD, leaving the city in ruins and enslaving survivors. Rome established a permanent legion to ensure security. The revolt concluded with the fall of Masada, where defenders largely committed suicide rather than surrender to the Roman governor.

1850 MASADA
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766636029" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823524-professor-barry-strauss-three-jewish-factions-fought-for-control-of-jerusalem-destroying-their"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288815/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Three Jewish factions fought for control of Jerusalem, destroying their own grain supplies and exacerbating the famine. While rebels used guerrilla tactics against Rome, Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai escaped in a coffin to preserve Ju
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Three Jewish factions fought for control of Jerusalem, destroying their own grain supplies and exacerbating the famine. While rebels used guerrilla tactics against Rome, Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai escaped in a coffin to preserve Judaism at Yavneh, and Christians reportedly fled to Pella for safety.

1492
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766635911" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823523-professor-barry-strauss-following-nero-s-suicide-and-the-chaotic-year-of-the-four-emperors-vesp"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288810/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Following Nero&#39;s suicide and the chaotic Year of the Four Emperors, Vespasian claimed the throne while his son Titus moved to besiege Jerusalem. The rebels believed their fortifications and supplies made the city impregnable, unaw
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Following Nero&#39;s suicide and the chaotic Year of the Four Emperors, Vespasian claimed the throne while his son Titus moved to besiege Jerusalem. The rebels believed their fortifications and supplies made the city impregnable, unaware that internal strife would soon undermine their defenses against Rome.

1492
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
5m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766635681" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
5m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823522-professor-barry-strauss-josephus-commanded-the-defense-of-jotapata-against-vespasian-in-67-ad-a"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737340; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288805/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Barry Strauss. Josephus commanded the defense of Jotapata against Vespasian in 67 AD. After the city fell, he survived a mass suicide pact in a cave through luck or manipulation. He saved his own life by prophesying Vespasian would become empero
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Barry Strauss. Josephus commanded the defense of Jotapata against Vespasian in 67 AD. After the city fell, he survived a mass suicide pact in a cave through luck or manipulation. He saved his own life by prophesying Vespasianwould become emperor, defecting to the Roman side.

1492 JOSEPHUS FLAVIUS
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766635628" data-format="short_date">Dec 25, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823495-professor-toby-wilkinson-after-their-defeat-antony-died-in-cleopatra-s-arms-cleopatra-committe"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3dada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288692/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. After their defeat, Antony died in Cleopatra&#39;s arms. Cleopatra committed suicide to avoid Roman humiliation, ending the Ptolemaic dynasty. Octavian annexed Egypt, dismissing its religious traditions regarding the Apis Bull and ex
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. After their defeat, Antony died in Cleopatra&#39;s arms. Cleopatra committed suicide to avoid Roman humiliation, ending the Ptolemaic dynasty. Octavian annexed Egypt, dismissing its religious traditions regarding the Apis Bull and exploiting the land solely as a grain source for the Roman Empire.

1900
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766619000" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823494-professor-toby-wilkinson-cleopatra-seduced-mark-antony-with-a-theatrical-entrance-as-aphrodite"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288687/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. Cleopatra seduced Mark Antony with a theatrical entrance as Aphrodite, securing a romantic and political partner. Antony relied on Egyptian wealth for his campaigns but suffered military setbacks, alienating Rome by adopting East
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. Cleopatra seduced Mark Antony with a theatrical entrance as Aphrodite, securing a romantic and political partner. Antony relied on Egyptian wealth for his campaigns but suffered military setbacks, alienating Rome by adopting Eastern customs. Their union produced children and challenged Octavian&#39;s authority, leading to inevitable conflict.

2900 SUEZ
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618942" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823493-professor-toby-wilkinson-cleopatra-vii-aligned-with-julius-caesar-to-secure-her-throne-using-he"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288682/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. Cleopatra VII aligned with Julius Caesar to secure her throne, using her intellect and charisma to win his support. During Caesar&#39;s defense against Egyptian forces, he burned ships in the harbor, an inferno that accidentally spre
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. Cleopatra VII aligned with Julius Caesar to secure her throne, using her intellect and charisma to win his support. During Caesar&#39;s defense against Egyptian forces, he burned ships in the harbor, an inferno that accidentally spread to and destroyed the Great Library of Alexandria.

1892 CAIRO
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
5m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618884" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
5m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823491-professor-toby-wilkinson-the-ptolemies-practiced-sibling-marriage-creating-complex-family-rival"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3da; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288674/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. The Ptolemies practiced sibling marriage, creating complex family rivalries. Powerful queens like Cleopatra I and III emerged as capable rulers who navigated civil wars and stabilized the kingdom. Cleopatra III, in particular, wa
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. The Ptolemies practiced sibling marriage, creating complex family rivalries. Powerful queens like Cleopatra I and III emerged as capable rulers who navigated civil wars and stabilized the kingdom. Cleopatra III, in particular, was a formidable strategist who managed conflicting dynastic ambitions through force of personality.

1845
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618826" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823490-professor-toby-wilkinson-egypt-s-wealth-allowed-the-ptolemies-to-hire-mercenaries-and-engage-in"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288669/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. Egypt&#39;s wealth allowed the Ptolemies to hire mercenaries and engage in arms races involving African war elephants against Seleucid Indian elephants. Despite early military successes like the Battle of Raphia, the dynasty began to
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. Egypt&#39;s wealth allowed the Ptolemies to hire mercenaries and engage in arms races involving African war elephants against Seleucid Indian elephants. Despite early military successes like the Battle of Raphia, the dynasty began to decline with the accession of child kings like Ptolemy V, leading to internal factionalism.
1846
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618683" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823489-professor-toby-wilkinson-the-ptolemies-leveraged-egypt-s-grain-and-gold-to-build-a-prosperous-ec"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c08d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288662/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. The Ptolemies leveraged Egypt&#39;s grain and gold to build a prosperous economy. They constructed the Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Museum, which attracted scholars like Archimedes. Zenodotus, the first head librarian, invented b
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. The Ptolemies leveraged Egypt&#39;s grain and gold to build a prosperous economy. They constructed the Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Museum, which attracted scholars like Archimedes. Zenodotus, the first head librarian, invented bibliography to organize the Library&#39;s massive collection of scrolls.
1856 CLEOPATRA NEEDLE
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618628" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823487-professor-toby-wilkinson-ptolemy-i-soter-a-scholar-and-general-under-alexander-founded-a-dynas"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288656/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. Ptolemy I Soter, a scholar and general under Alexander, founded a dynasty by integrating Greek and Egyptian traditions. He appointed Egyptian advisors and created the hybrid god Serapis to unify his subjects, successfully establi
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. Ptolemy I Soter, a scholar and general under Alexander, founded a dynasty by integrating Greek and Egyptian traditions. He appointed Egyptian advisors and created the hybrid god Serapis to unify his subjects, successfully establishing a stable, wealthy empire that included Cyprus and parts of the Mediterranean.

1900 NILE
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618541" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823486-professor-toby-wilkinson-alexander-the-great-besieged-gaza-dragging-its-governor-to-death-to-mi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3da; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288649/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep241: Professor Toby Wilkinson. Alexander the Great besieged Gaza, dragging its governor to death to mimic Achilles and signal his dominance. Seeking divine validation, he trekked to the Siwa Oasis, where priests confirmed him as the son of Zeus Ammon. He later
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Toby Wilkinson. Alexander the Great besieged Gaza, dragging its governor to death to mimic Achilles and signal his dominance. Seeking divine validation, he trekked to the Siwa Oasis, where priests confirmed him as the son of Zeus Ammon. He later founded Alexandria, orienting Egypt toward the Mediterranean.

1842 EGYPT
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766618480" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823483-preview-the-ptolemaic-arms-race-war-elephants-as-ancient-battle-tanks-colleague-professor-toby-w"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep240: PREVIEW THE PTOLEMAIC ARMS RACE: WAR ELEPHANTS AS ANCIENT BATTLE TANKS Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson. Professor Wilkinson details the military &quot;arms race&quot; between the Ptolemies and Seleucids involving war elephants, the &quot;battle tanks&quot; of the ancient 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW THE PTOLEMAIC ARMS RACE: WAR ELEPHANTS AS ANCIENT BATTLE TANKS Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson. Professor Wilkinson details the military &quot;arms race&quot; between the Ptolemies and Seleucidsinvolving war elephants, the &quot;battle tanks&quot; of the ancient world. He explains how the Ptolemies utilized flighty Africanelephants against their rivals&#39; Indian elephants, creating a strange but critical ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766617338" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823482-preview-cleopatra-iii-a-force-of-nature-within-the-ptolemaic-dynasty-colleague-professor-toby-wi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadac0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288633/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep240: PREVIEW CLEOPATRA III: A FORCE OF NATURE WITHIN THE PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson, Cambridge University. Wilkinson identifies Cleopatra III as a &quot;force of nature&quot; within the Ptolemaic dynasty. He highlights her strategic ability, ab
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW CLEOPATRA III: A FORCE OF NATURE WITHIN THE PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson, Cambridge University. Wilkinson identifies Cleopatra III as a &quot;force of nature&quot; within the Ptolemaic dynasty. He highlights her strategic ability, absolute conviction, and sheer personality, suggesting she is the most fascinating figure for a dinner party, even compared to her famous descen...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766617306" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823481-preview-ptolemy-i-the-genius-who-unified-greek-and-egyptian-cultures-colleague-professor-toby-wi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep240: PREVIEW PTOLEMY I: THE GENIUS WHO UNIFIED GREEK AND EGYPTIAN CULTURES Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson. Wilkinson characterizes Ptolemy I as a genius who unified Greek and Egyptian cultures following Alexander the Great&#39;s death. By employing diverse adv
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW PTOLEMY I: THE GENIUS WHO UNIFIED GREEK AND EGYPTIAN CULTURES Colleague Professor Toby Wilkinson. Wilkinson characterizes Ptolemy I as a genius who unified Greek and Egyptian cultures following Alexander the Great&#39;s death. By employing diverse advisors and inventing the hybrid god Serapis, Ptolemy Isuccessfully forged a single identity from many strands, effectively implementing an anci...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766617207" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823476-preview-in-this-interview-historian-james-tabor-discusses-his-research-into-the-historical-iden"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288611/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep239: PREVIEW; In this interview, historian James Tabor discusses his research into the historical identity of Jesus&#39;s biological father, as explored in his book The Lost Mary. He examines the ancient name Pantera, which appears in early texts and has been link
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW; In this interview, historian James Tabor discusses his research into the historical identity of Jesus&#39;s biological father, as explored in his book The Lost Mary. He examines the ancient name Pantera, which appears in early texts and has been linked to both the family of Joseph and a specific Roman soldier stationed in Germany. By analyzing a nineteenth-century archaeological discovery ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766616397" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823475-preview-this-audio-excerpt-features-an-interview-with-professor-barry-strauss-regarding-his-boo"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43288603/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep238: PREVIEW:  This audio excerpt features an interview with Professor Barry Strauss regarding his book, which chronicles the Jewish rebellion against Roman authority during the first century. The discussion focuses on the siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD, led by T
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW:  This audio excerpt features an interview with Professor Barry Strauss regarding his book, which chronicles the Jewish rebellion against Roman authority during the first century. The discussion focuses on the siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD, led by Titus, the son of Emperor Vespasian. Although the Jewish resistance considered their capital an impregnable fortress due to its geographic defe...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766615872" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823227-show-12-23-25-the-show-begins-with-doubts-f-the-eu-eu-struggles-with-russian-assets-and-aid-c"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287406/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep237: SHOW 12-23-25 THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS F THE EU...  EU STRUGGLES WITH RUSSIAN ASSETS AND AID Colleague Judy Dempsey. Judy Dempsey discusses the EU&#39;s difficulty in utilizing frozen Russian assets and the &quot;defeat&quot; for Chancellor Merz regarding the fundin
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SHOW
12-23-25
THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS F THE EU...
1831 BRUSSELS
EU STRUGGLES WITH RUSSIAN ASSETS AND AID Colleague Judy Dempsey. Judy Dempsey discusses the EU&#39;s difficulty in utilizing frozen Russian assets and the &quot;defeat&quot; for Chancellor Merz regarding the funding mechanism for Ukraine. NUMBER 1
THE RISE OF THE AFD IN GERMANY Colleague Judy Dempsey. Judy Dempsey continues, focusing on the ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766545637" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823222-the-accidental-colonization-of-australia-colleague-professor-richard-bell-professor-richard-bell"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287381/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep236: THE ACCIDENTAL COLONIZATION OF AUSTRALIA Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell concludes, recounting the story of convict William Murray and the accidental selection of Australia as a penal colony following the loss of the American colo
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE ACCIDENTAL COLONIZATION OF AUSTRALIA Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell concludes, recounting the story of convict William Murray and the accidental selection of Australia as a penal colony following the loss of the American colonies. NUMBER 16

1945
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766544504" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823221-benedict-arnold-and-peggy-shippen-colleague-professor-richard-bell-professor-richard-bell-contin"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287376/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep236: BENEDICT ARNOLD AND PEGGY SHIPPEN Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell continues, discussing Peggy Shippen&#39;s influence on Benedict Arnold&#39;s defection and their subsequent life in London. NUMBER 15
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
BENEDICT ARNOLD AND PEGGY SHIPPEN Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bellcontinues, discussing Peggy Shippen&#39;s influence on Benedict Arnold&#39;s defection and their subsequent life in London. NUMBER 15
PEGGY SHIPPEN
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766544383" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823220-france-s-global-strategy-in-the-revolution-colleague-professor-richard-bell-professor-richard-be"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadac0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287371/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep236: FRANCE&#39;S GLOBAL STRATEGY IN THE REVOLUTION Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell continues, highlighting the role of Foreign Minister Vergennes and how French involvement expanded the war globally. NUMBER 14
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
FRANCE&#39;S GLOBAL STRATEGY IN THE REVOLUTION Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell continues, highlighting the role of Foreign Minister Vergennes and how French involvement expanded the war globally. NUMBER 14
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766544273" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823219-the-legend-of-the-hessians-colleague-professor-richard-bell-professor-richard-bell-discusses-the"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287366/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep236: THE LEGEND OF THE HESSIANS Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell discusses the American fear of Hessian soldiers and Washington&#39;s strategic victory at Trenton. NUMBER 13
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE LEGEND OF THE HESSIANS Colleague Professor Richard Bell. Professor Richard Bell discusses the American fear of Hessian soldiers and Washington&#39;s strategic victory at Trenton. NUMBER 13
1975 TRENTON
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766544172" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823216-king-charles-iii-and-uk-political-turmoil-colleague-gregory-copley-gregory-copley-continues-ana"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287353/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep236: KING CHARLES III AND UK POLITICAL TURMOIL Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, analyzing the challenges King Charles III faces under the Keir Starmer government, which Copley compares to the era of Oliver Cromwell. NUMBER 12
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
  KING CHARLES III AND UK POLITICAL TURMOIL Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, analyzing the challenges King Charles III faces under the Keir Starmer government, which Copley compares to the era of Oliver Cromwell. NUMBER 12
1824 HIGH GROVE HOUSE
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766543731" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823200-the-decline-of-literacy-and-context-colleague-gregory-copley-gregory-copley-continues-discussin"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3daa6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287283/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep235: THE DECLINE OF LITERACY AND CONTEXT Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, discussing the decline of literacy and context since the mid-20th century, comparing modern society to the Eloi and Morlocks of H.G. Wells. NUMBER 11
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE DECLINE OF LITERACY AND CONTEXT Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, discussing the decline of literacy and context since the mid-20th century, comparing modern society to the Eloi and Morlocks of H.G. Wells. NUMBER 11
1959
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766537323" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823199-the-monroe-doctrine-and-naval-power-colleague-gregory-copley-gregory-copley-continues-debating"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3daa6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287278/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep235: THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND NAVAL POWER Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, debating whether the US is a naval or continental power in the context of enforcing the Monroe Doctrine and discussing a proposal for new battleships. NUMBER 10
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND NAVAL POWER Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley continues, debating whether the US is a naval or continental power in the context of enforcing the Monroe Doctrine and discussing a proposal for new battleships. NUMBER 10
1910
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766537182" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823198-us-expansionism-and-diplomatic-rifts-colleague-gregory-copley-gregory-copley-analyzes-us-foreign"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadac0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287273/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep235: US EXPANSIONISM AND DIPLOMATIC RIFTS Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley analyzes US foreign policy moves regarding Greenland, Panama, and Venezuela, describing them as a return to &quot;might is right&quot; expansionism. NUMBER 9
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
US EXPANSIONISM AND DIPLOMATIC RIFTS Colleague Gregory Copley. Gregory Copley analyzes US foreign policy moves regarding Greenland, Panama, and Venezuela, describing them as a return to &quot;might is right&quot; expansionism. NUMBER 9
1777 GREENLAND
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
12m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766537082" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
12m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823197-regulating-artificial-intelligence-colleague-kevin-frazier-kevin-frazier-continues-warning-agai"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #264040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287268/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep235: REGULATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Colleague Kevin Frazier. Kevin Frazier continues, warning against a &quot;waterfall of regulation&quot; by states and advocating for &quot;regulatory sandboxes&quot; to allow experimentation. NUMBER 8
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
REGULATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Colleague Kevin Frazier. Kevin Frazier continues, warning against a &quot;waterfall of regulation&quot; by states and advocating for &quot;regulatory sandboxes&quot; to allow experimentation. NUMBER 8
NOVEMBER 1955
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766536885" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8823196-the-boring-benefits-of-ai-colleague-kevin-frazier-kevin-frazier-advocates-for-the-boring-use-ca"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262640; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43287259/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep235: THE BORING BENEFITS OF AI Colleague Kevin Frazier. Kevin Frazier advocates for the &quot;boring use cases&quot; of AI, such as in healthcare and traffic management, to save costs and improve efficiency. NUMBER 7
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE BORING BENEFITS OF AI Colleague Kevin Frazier. Kevin Frazier advocates for the &quot;boring use cases&quot; of AI, such as in healthcare and traffic management, to save costs and improve efficiency. NUMBER 7
JANUARY 1951
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766536811" data-format="short_date">Dec 24, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>

</template></turbo-stream>
  <turbo-stream action="replace" target="audio_clips_pagination"><template><turbo-frame loading="lazy" id="audio_clips_pagination" src="/channel/johnbatchelor.turbo_stream?page=60"><div aria-hidden="true" class="card rounded-0 border-0 border-bottom">
<div class="card-body df align-items-center placeholder-glow text-black-50">
<div class="w-100">
<h5>
<div class="placeholder col-6"></div>
</h5>
<div class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:15ch"></div>
</div>
<div class="mla">
<span class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:4ch"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="card rounded-0 border-0 border-bottom">
<div class="card-body df align-items-center placeholder-glow text-black-50">
<div class="w-100">
<h5>
<div class="placeholder col-6"></div>
</h5>
<div class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:15ch"></div>
</div>
<div class="mla">
<span class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:4ch"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="card rounded-0 border-0 border-bottom">
<div class="card-body df align-items-center placeholder-glow text-black-50">
<div class="w-100">
<h5>
<div class="placeholder col-6"></div>
</h5>
<div class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:15ch"></div>
</div>
<div class="mla">
<span class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:4ch"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="card rounded-0 border-0 border-bottom">
<div class="card-body df align-items-center placeholder-glow text-black-50">
<div class="w-100">
<h5>
<div class="placeholder col-6"></div>
</h5>
<div class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:15ch"></div>
</div>
<div class="mla">
<span class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:4ch"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="card rounded-0 border-0 border-bottom">
<div class="card-body df align-items-center placeholder-glow text-black-50">
<div class="w-100">
<h5>
<div class="placeholder col-6"></div>
</h5>
<div class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:15ch"></div>
</div>
<div class="mla">
<span class="placeholder placeholder-sm" style="width:4ch"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visually-hidden">
<a href="/channel/johnbatchelor?page=60">next page</a>
</div>
</turbo-frame></template></turbo-stream>
