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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822132-covid-19-and-the-empowerment-of-unelected-bureaucrats-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-hanson-asser"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: COVID-19 AND THE EMPOWERMENT OF UNELECTED BUREAUCRATS Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson asserts that the COVID-19 pandemic empowered unelected bureaucrats to enforce lockdowns that disproportionately crushed the middle class while enriching large corp
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COVID-19 AND THE EMPOWERMENT OF UNELECTED BUREAUCRATS Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson asserts that the COVID-19 pandemic empowered unelected bureaucrats to enforce lockdowns that disproportionately crushed the middle class while enriching large corporations and the &quot;Zoom class.&quot; He claims the scientific consensus was manipulated to protect China regarding the virus&#39;s origins and that earl...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822131-nullification-and-the-weaponization-of-impeachment-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-the-discussion"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: NULLIFICATION AND THE WEAPONIZATION OF IMPEACHMENT Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. The discussion covers modern &quot;nullification,&quot; where jurisdictions like sanctuary cities deliberately ignore federal immigration laws, creating a dangerous legal asymmetry. H
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NULLIFICATION AND THE WEAPONIZATION OF IMPEACHMENT Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. The discussion covers modern &quot;nullification,&quot; where jurisdictions like sanctuary cities deliberately ignore federal immigration laws, creating a dangerous legal asymmetry. Hanson also argues that the impeachment process has been distorted into a political tool used to punish first-term presidents who lose congress...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822130-progressive-elites-and-constitutional-subversion-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-hanson-characteri"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: PROGRESSIVE ELITES AND CONSTITUTIONAL SUBVERSION Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson characterizes progressive elites as &quot;evolutionaries&quot; who seek to bypass Constitutional checks like the Electoral College and the Senate&#39;s structure because these system
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PROGRESSIVE ELITES AND CONSTITUTIONAL SUBVERSION Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hansoncharacterizes progressive elites as &quot;evolutionaries&quot; who seek to bypass Constitutional checks like the Electoral Collegeand the Senate&#39;s structure because these systems no longer favor their political dominance. He warns that threats to &quot;pack the Supreme Court&quot; and the practice of ignoring treaty ratification ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822129-the-administrative-state-and-unelected-power-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-hanson-describes-the"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: THE ADMINISTRATIVE STATE AND UNELECTED POWER Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson describes the &quot;administrative state&quot; or &quot;deep state&quot; as a permanent class of unelected bureaucrats who possess vast power without accountability to voters or Congress. He a
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THE ADMINISTRATIVE STATE AND UNELECTED POWER Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson describes the &quot;administrative state&quot; or &quot;deep state&quot; as a permanent class of unelected bureaucrats who possess vast power without accountability to voters or Congress. He asserts that these officials, believing their expertise gives them moral authority, actively &quot;resisted&quot; the Trump administration through leaks ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822128-the-abandonment-of-the-melting-pot-ideal-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-hanson-asserts-that-ameri"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: THE ABANDONMENT OF THE MELTING POT IDEAL Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson asserts that America is abandoning the &quot;melting pot&quot; ideal of assimilation—where diverse people integrate to become Americans—in favor of tribalism and identity politics. He cl
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 THE ABANDONMENT OF THE MELTING POT IDEAL Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson asserts that America is abandoning the &quot;melting pot&quot; ideal of assimilation—where diverse people integrate to become Americans—in favor of tribalism and identity politics. He claims this regression into racial and group classifications threatens the country&#39;s stability, as elites prioritize &quot;equality of result&quot; over ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822127-immigration-policy-and-the-erosion-of-citizenship-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-hanson-critiques"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: IMMIGRATION POLICY AND THE EROSION OF CITIZENSHIP Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hanson critiques the 1965 Hart-Celler Act for destroying meritocratic immigration in favor of family ties and the 1986 amnesty for failing to secure the border as promised. H
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IMMIGRATION POLICY AND THE EROSION OF CITIZENSHIP Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Hansoncritiques the 1965 Hart-Celler Act for destroying meritocratic immigration in favor of family ties and the 1986 amnesty for failing to secure the border as promised. He argues that maintaining open borders and ignoring laws creates a large, non-citizen constituency that undermines the legal and cultural conce...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8822126-the-autonomous-middle-class-as-the-republic-s-foundation-colleague-victor-davis-hanson-victor-da"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep219: THE AUTONOMOUS MIDDLE CLASS AS THE REPUBLIC&#39;S FOUNDATION Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Victor Davis Hanson argues that a stable republic relies on an autonomous middle class, which serves as a buffer between the wealthy and the dependent poor. Drawing on
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THE AUTONOMOUS MIDDLE CLASS AS THE REPUBLIC&#39;S FOUNDATION Colleague Victor Davis Hanson. Victor Davis Hanson argues that a stable republic relies on an autonomous middle class, which serves as a buffer between the wealthy and the dependent poor. Drawing on classical history, he warns that modern policies are &quot;hollowing out&quot; this class, creating a peasantry dependent on the state for survival, il...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821972-show-12-19-25-the-show-begins-with-doubts-aboutgavin-nnewsom-on-the-ampaign-trail-for-2028-w"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5a5a5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43281186/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep218: SHOW 12-19-25 THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS ABOUTGAVIN NNEWSOM  ON THE AMPAIGN TRAIL FOR 2028...  WEST COAST WEATHER AND PORTLAND&#39;S DECLINE Colleague Jeff Bliss, Pacific Watch. Jeff Bliss reports that Nordstrom Rack is leaving downtown Portland, citing high
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SHOW
12-19-25
THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS ABOUTGAVIN NNEWSOM  ON THE AMPAIGN TRAIL FOR 2028...
LA 1900

WEST COAST WEATHER AND PORTLAND&#39;S DECLINE Colleague Jeff Bliss, Pacific Watch. Jeff Bliss reports that Nordstrom Rack is leaving downtown Portland, citing high vacancy rates, crime, and homelessness. He also details a massive atmospheric river bringing heavy rain to the West Coast and dangero...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821965-ai-adoption-in-business-and-construction-colleague-gene-marks-the-guardian-marks-argues-that-ai"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: AI ADOPTION IN BUSINESS AND CONSTRUCTION Colleague Gene Marks, The Guardian. Marks argues that AI is enhancing productivity rather than replacing humans, despite accuracy issues. He highlights AI adoption in construction, including drones and augmented re
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AI ADOPTION IN BUSINESS AND CONSTRUCTION Colleague Gene Marks, The Guardian. Marks argues that AI is enhancing productivity rather than replacing humans, despite accuracy issues. He highlights AI adoption in construction, including drones and augmented reality for safety. Marks notes that small businesses are eager for these technologies to improve efficiency, while displaced tech workers find ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821964-economic-slowdown-and-consumer-spending-colleague-gene-marks-the-guardian-gene-marks-reports-on"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN AND CONSUMER SPENDING Colleague Gene Marks, The Guardian. Gene Marks reports on a US economic slowdown, citing contracting architectural billings and falling hotel occupancy. He notes that while the wealthy continue spending, the middle 
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  ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN AND CONSUMER SPENDING Colleague Gene Marks, The Guardian. Gene Marksreports on a US economic slowdown, citing contracting architectural billings and falling hotel occupancy. He notes that while the wealthy continue spending, the middle class is cutting back on dining out. Marks attributes inflation to government money circulation and discusses proposals for mandated retireme...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821963-executive-power-and-independent-agencies-colleague-professor-richard-epstein-hoover-institution"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: EXECUTIVE POWER AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES Colleague Professor Richard Epstein, Hoover Institution. Epstein discusses a Supreme Court case regarding the President&#39;s power to fire members of independent boards like the FTC. He fears Chief Justice Roberts wil
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EXECUTIVE POWER AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES Colleague Professor Richard Epstein, Hoover Institution. Epstein discusses a Supreme Court case regarding the President&#39;s power to fire members of independent boards like the FTC. He fears Chief Justice Roberts will side with executive power, a move Epstein views as an &quot;unmitigated disaster&quot; that undermines the necessary independence of agencies like the...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821962-supreme-court-challenges-to-tariff-powers-colleague-professor-richard-epstein-hoover-institution"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: SUPREME COURT CHALLENGES TO TARIFF POWERS Colleague Professor Richard Epstein, Hoover Institution. Professor Epstein analyzes potential Supreme Court rulings on the President&#39;s use of emergency powers for broad tariffs. He predicts the Court may find the 
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SUPREME COURT CHALLENGES TO TARIFF POWERS Colleague Professor Richard Epstein, Hoover Institution. Professor Epstein analyzes potential Supreme Court rulings on the President&#39;s use of emergency powers for broad tariffs. He predicts the Court may find the interpretation unconstitutional, creating a logistical nightmare regarding the refund of billions in collected revenues and addressing the com...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821961-the-barracks-emperors-and-the-antonine-plague-colleague-professor-edward-j-watts-university-of"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: THE BARRACKS EMPERORS AND THE ANTONINE PLAGUE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. The discussion turns to the &quot;barracks emperors,&quot; highlighting Trajan&#39;s expansion into Dacia and Hadrian&#39;s infrastructure focus. Watts
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THE BARRACKS EMPERORS AND THE ANTONINE PLAGUE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. The discussion turns to the &quot;barracks emperors,&quot; highlighting Trajan&#39;s expansion into Dacia and Hadrian&#39;s infrastructure focus. Watts describes Marcus Aurelius&#39;s Stoic governance during constant warfare and a devastating smallpox pandemic, which forced Rome to settle German ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821960-the-year-of-four-emperors-and-flavian-rule-colleague-professor-edward-j-watts-university-of-cal"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: THE YEAR OF FOUR EMPERORS AND FLAVIAN RULE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Watts analyzes the chaos following Nero&#39;s death, where Vespasian seized power after a brutal civil war that burned Capitoline Hill. The 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE YEAR OF FOUR EMPERORS AND FLAVIAN RULE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Watts analyzes the chaos following Nero&#39;s death, where Vespasian seized power after a brutal civil war that burned Capitoline Hill. The segment covers the Flavian dynasty, Titus&#39;s destruction of Jerusalem, and Domitian&#39;s vilification, concluding with Nerva&#39;s coup and the adopti...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821959-nero-agrippina-and-the-matricide-colleague-professor-edward-j-watts-university-of-california"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: NERO, AGRIPPINA, AND THE MATRICIDE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Professor Watts details the pathology of the Roman emperorship, focusing on Agrippina&#39;s maneuvering to install her son Nero. Watts describes Ner
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NERO, AGRIPPINA, AND THE MATRICIDE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Professor Watts details the pathology of the Roman emperorship, focusing on Agrippina&#39;s maneuvering to install her son Nero. Watts describes Nero&#39;s eventual assassination of his mother using a collapsible ship and his pivot to seeking popularity through rigged Olympic victories in Gree...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821957-the-fall-of-the-republic-sulla-to-caesar-colleague-professor-edward-j-watts-university-of-cali"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: THE FALL OF THE REPUBLIC: SULLA TO CAESAR Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Watts traces the Republic&#39;s fall, starting with the rivalry between Marius and Sulla. Sulla&#39;s brutal proscriptions and dictatorship traum
</h5>
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THE FALL OF THE REPUBLIC: SULLA TO CAESAR Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts, University of California at San Diego. Watts traces the Republic&#39;s fall, starting with the rivalry between Marius and Sulla. Sulla&#39;sbrutal proscriptions and dictatorship traumatized a young Julius Caesar. Watts explains that Caesar eventually concluded the Republic&#39;s structures were broken, leading him to seize power...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821956-space-briefs-rocket-lab-and-mars-rivers-colleague-bob-zimmerman-behindtheblack-com-zimmerman-h"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: SPACE BRIEFS: ROCKET LAB AND MARS RIVERS Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Zimmerman highlights Rocket Lab&#39;s record launches and Max Space&#39;s new inflatable station module. He notes a European satellite report on sea levels omitted &quot;global warmi
</h5>
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SPACE BRIEFS: ROCKET LAB AND MARS RIVERS Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Zimmerman highlights Rocket Lab&#39;s record launches and Max Space&#39;s new inflatable station module. He notes a European satellite report on sea levels omitted &quot;global warming&quot; references. Additionally, he describes Martian drainage features that resemble rivers and cites a study claiming AI algorithms are exposin...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766196119" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821955-nasa-s-new-leadership-and-private-space-colleague-bob-zimmerman-behindtheblack-com-bob-zimmerma"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: NASA&#39;S NEW LEADERSHIP AND PRIVATE SPACE Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Bob Zimmerman discusses Jared Isaacman&#39;s confirmation as NASA administrator and an executive order prioritizing commercial space. Zimmerman predicts Isaacman might cancel
</h5>
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NASA&#39;S NEW LEADERSHIP AND PRIVATE SPACE Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Bob Zimmerman discusses Jared Isaacman&#39;s confirmation as NASA administrator and an executive order prioritizing commercial space. Zimmerman predicts Isaacman might cancel the crewed Artemis II mission due to safety concerns with the Orion capsule, signaling a shift away from government-run programs like SLS tow...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821954-the-urgency-of-social-security-reform-colleague-veronique-de-rugy-mercatus-center-veronique-de"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: THE URGENCY OF SOCIAL SECURITY REFORM Colleague Veronique de Rugy, Mercatus Center. Veronique de Rugy argues Social Security must be reformed before trust funds run dry in the 2030s. She contends the system unfairly redistributes wealth from young workers
</h5>
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THE URGENCY OF SOCIAL SECURITY REFORM Colleague Veronique de Rugy, Mercatus Center. Veronique de Rugy argues Social Security must be reformed before trust funds run dry in the 2030s. She contends the system unfairly redistributes wealth from young workers to increasingly wealthy seniors and advocates for capping benefits or means-testing rather than raising taxes or allowing across-the-board cu...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766196037" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821953-lancaster-county-and-a-holiday-spending-slump-colleague-jim-mctague-author-and-journalist-repor"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: LANCASTER COUNTY AND A HOLIDAY SPENDING SLUMP Colleague Jim McTague, Author and Journalist. Reporting from Lancaster County, Jim McTague observes a sluggish Christmas shopping season, with consumers buying practical items like gloves rather than expensive
</h5>
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LANCASTER COUNTY AND A HOLIDAY SPENDING SLUMP Colleague Jim McTague, Author and Journalist. Reporting from Lancaster County, Jim McTague observes a sluggish Christmas shopping season, with consumers buying practical items like gloves rather than expensive packages. While tourist venues like Sight &amp; Sound Theaterremain busy, he predicts a mild recession in 2026 due to rising local taxes and util...
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9m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766195984" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821952-nuclear-proliferation-and-russian-sanctions-colleague-henry-sokolski-nonproliferation-policy-edu"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION AND RUSSIAN SANCTIONS Colleague Henry Sokolski, Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Sokolski criticizes the lifting of sanctions on Russian banks for nuclear projects and highlights the dangers at the Russian-occupied Zaporizhz
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CNUCLEAR PROLIFERATION AND RUSSIAN SANCTIONS Colleague Henry Sokolski, Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Sokolski criticizes the lifting of sanctions on Russian banks for nuclear projects and highlights the dangers at the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia plant. He warns against potential deals allowing Saudi Arabia and South Korea to enrich uranium, arguing this brings them dangerously clo...
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11m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766195953" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821951-china-s-chip-theft-and-ai-warfare-risks-colleague-brandon-weichert-the-national-interest-weiche"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep217: CHINA&#39;S CHIP THEFT AND AI WARFARE RISKS Colleague Brandon Weichert, The National Interest. Weichert discusses China&#39;s attempts to upgrade older ASML machines and reverse-engineer chips to bypass sanctions. They also review 2025 lessons, noting that AI in 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CHINA&#39;S CHIP THEFT AND AI WARFARE RISKS Colleague Brandon Weichert, The National Interest. Weichert discusses China&#39;s attempts to upgrade older ASML machines and reverse-engineer chips to bypass sanctions. They also review 2025 lessons, noting that AI in military war games tends to escalate conflicts aggressively toward nuclear options, warning that China may fuse AI with its nuclear command sy...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766195808" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821950-china-s-chip-theft-and-ai-warfare-risks-colleague-brandon-weichert-the-national-interest-weiche"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep216: CHINA&#39;S CHIP THEFT AND AI WARFARE RISKS Colleague Brandon Weichert, The National Interest. Weichert discusses China&#39;s attempts to upgrade older ASML machines and reverse-engineer chips to bypass sanctions. They also review 2025 lessons, noting that AI in 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CHINA&#39;S CHIP THEFT AND AI WARFARE RISKS Colleague Brandon Weichert, The National Interest. Weichert discusses China&#39;s attempts to upgrade older ASML machines and reverse-engineer chips to bypass sanctions. They also review 2025 lessons, noting that AI in military war games tends to escalate conflicts aggressively toward nuclear options, warning that China may fuse AI with its nuclear command sy...
</div>
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9m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766195706" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821949-west-coast-weather-and-portland-s-decline-colleague-jeff-bliss-pacific-watch-jeff-bliss-reports"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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S8 Ep216: WEST COAST WEATHER AND PORTLAND&#39;S DECLINE Colleague Jeff Bliss, Pacific Watch. Jeff Bliss reports that Nordstrom Rack is leaving downtown Portland, citing high vacancy rates, crime, and homelessness. He also details a massive atmospheric river bringing he
</h5>
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WEST COAST WEATHER AND PORTLAND&#39;S DECLINE Colleague Jeff Bliss, Pacific Watch. Jeff Bliss reports that Nordstrom Rack is leaving downtown Portland, citing high vacancy rates, crime, and homelessness. He also details a massive atmospheric river bringing heavy rain to the West Coast and dangerous Tule fog in California, while analyzing Gavin Newsom&#39;s presidential prospects amidst state economic s...
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9m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766195668" data-format="short_date">Dec 20, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821902-preview-s-p-500-and-small-companies-embrace-ai-to-boost-productivity-colleague-gene-marks-gene-m"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f35a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43280919/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep215: PREVIEW S&amp;P 500 AND SMALL COMPANIES EMBRACE AI TO BOOST PRODUCTIVITY Colleague Gene Marks. Gene Marks discusses how S&amp;P 500 and small companies embrace Artificial Intelligence to boost workforce productivity. Despite concerns regarding accuracy and securi
</h5>
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PREVIEW S&amp;P 500 AND SMALL COMPANIES EMBRACE AI TO BOOST PRODUCTIVITY Colleague Gene Marks. Gene Marks discusses how S&amp;P 500 and small companies embrace Artificial Intelligence to boost workforce productivity. Despite concerns regarding accuracy and security, Marks argues that businesses utilize AI for efficiency—handling low-risk tasks like emails—rather than displacing workers, ultimately aimi...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766183058" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821901-preview-lancaster-county-mall-santa-observes-christmas-slowdown-colleague-jim-mctague-jim-mctagu"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43281102/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep215: PREVIEW LANCASTER COUNTY MALL SANTA OBSERVES CHRISTMAS SLOWDOWN Colleague Jim McTague. Jim McTague shares insights from a Lancaster County mall Santa, who observed a significant slowdown in visits this Christmas. The Santa attributes this decline to high 
</h5>
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PREVIEW LANCASTER COUNTY MALL SANTA OBSERVES CHRISTMAS SLOWDOWN Colleague Jim McTague. Jim McTague shares insights from a Lancaster County mall Santa, who observed a significant slowdown in visits this Christmas. The Santa attributes this decline to high costs, such as expensive photo packages, pinching young families. This trend suggests distinct economic strain on younger generations compared...
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766183004" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821900-preview-69-ad-vitellius-fails-to-restore-the-roman-republic-colleague-professor-ed-watts-profes"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737373; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43280911/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep215: PREVIEW 69 AD: VITELLIUS FAILS TO RESTORE THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Colleague Professor Ed Watts. Professor Ed Watts discusses 69 AD, where Emperor Vitellius&#39;s attempt to return power to the Senate failed. Blocked by the Praetorian Guard to protect their own int
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW 69 AD: VITELLIUS FAILS TO RESTORE THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Colleague Professor Ed Watts. Professor Ed Watts discusses 69 AD, where Emperor Vitellius&#39;s attempt to return power to the Senate failed. Blocked by the Praetorian Guard to protect their own interests, this conflict led to a massacre and the burning of Capitoline Hill. This moment marked the end of attempts to restore the Roman Republ...
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<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766182975" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
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2m
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821899-preview-rocket-lab-outperforms-russia-in-launch-numbers-colleague-bob-zimmerman-bob-zimmerman-hi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5a2626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43280906/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep215: PREVIEW ROCKET LAB OUTPERFORMS RUSSIA IN LAUNCH NUMBERS Colleague Bob Zimmerman. Bob Zimmerman highlights Rocket Lab&#39;s success, noting the private company is outperforming Russia in launch numbers. He describes a recent mission deploying &quot;pizza pie&quot; shape
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW ROCKET LAB OUTPERFORMS RUSSIA IN LAUNCH NUMBERS Colleague Bob Zimmerman. Bob Zimmerman highlights Rocket Lab&#39;s success, noting the private company is outperforming Russia in launch numbers. He describes a recent mission deploying &quot;pizza pie&quot; shaped satellites for the Space Force. These flat discs allow efficient packing and aerodynamic testing in lower orbits, showcasing the effectivene...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766182888" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821842-preview-guest-henry-sokolski-sokolski-describes-a-new-warfare-tactic-piloted-by-russia-that-uti"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep214: PREVIEW Guest: Henry Sokolski. Sokolski describes a new warfare tactic piloted by Russia that utilizes non-nuclear strategic weapons to disable critical infrastructure nodes, such as electricity and communications. While China is actively building these i
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Henry Sokolski. Sokolski describes a new warfare tactic piloted by Russia that utilizes non-nuclear strategic weapons to disable critical infrastructure nodes, such as electricity and communications. While China is actively building these intercontinental systems to force surrender without nuclear fallout, the U.S. currently lacks a coherent response to this specific threat.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
1m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766175426" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
1m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821840-preview-guest-brandon-weichert-weichert-explains-how-china-attempts-to-reverse-engineer-advance"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep214: PREVIEW Guest: Brandon Weichert. Weichert explains how China attempts to reverse engineer advanced chip fabricator machines from the European firm ASML to bypass sanctions. Chinese entities reportedly broke machines while tinkering, then called ASML for r
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Brandon Weichert. Weichert explains how China attempts to reverse engineer advanced chip fabricator machines from the European firm ASML to bypass sanctions. Chinese entities reportedly broke machines while tinkering, then called ASMLfor repairs specifically to observe the technicians and learn the intricate mechanics of the forbidden technology. The strategy is similar to a car ...
</div>
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2m
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<span class="d-sm-none">
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766175326" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821527-crunch-eu-summit-discusses-using-frozen-russian-assets-for-ukraine-colleague-anatol-lieven-the-e"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43279021/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep213: CRUNCH EU SUMMIT DISCUSSES USING FROZEN RUSSIAN ASSETS FOR UKRAINE Colleague Anatol Lieven. The European Union is internally divided over seizing frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine&#39;s war effort and reconstruction, a move requiring rule changes that som
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SHOW
12-18-25
THE SHOW BEGINS IN DOUBTS ABOUT THE POTUS AT YEAR&#39;S END...
1951 BALD EAGLE ALASKA
CRUNCH EU SUMMIT DISCUSSES USING FROZEN RUSSIAN ASSETS FOR UKRAINE Colleague Anatol Lieven. The European Union is internally divided over seizing frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine&#39;s war effort and reconstruction, a move requiring rule changes that some members resist. While the US proposes using ...
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<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766113041" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
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8m
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821516-congressional-spending-and-the-reverse-midas-touch-colleagues-dave-hebert-and-peter-earle-hebert"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278970/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep212: CONGRESSIONAL SPENDING AND THE REVERSE MIDAS TOUCH Colleagues Dave Hebert and Peter Earle. Hebert and Earle argue that Congressional spending exacerbates problems in education and healthcare by subsidizing demand while restricting supply through regulatio
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CONGRESSIONAL SPENDING AND THE REVERSE MIDAS TOUCH Colleagues Dave Hebert and Peter Earle. Hebert and Earle argue that Congressional spending exacerbates problems in education and healthcare by subsidizing demand while restricting supply through regulations. They contend politicians prefer &quot;showy&quot; supply-side interventions, like drug busts, over effective policies because the politics of appear...
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11m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766110361" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
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11m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821513-europe-scrounges-for-funds-amid-russian-asset-disputes-colleague-michael-bernstam-the-uk-threate"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3dac0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278955/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: EUROPE SCROUNGES FOR FUNDS AMID RUSSIAN ASSET DISPUTES Colleague Michael Bernstam. The UK threatens to seize proceeds from the sale of Chelsea FC for Ukraine aid, while the EU struggles to finance a $135 billion shortfall for Kyiv. European leaders propos
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
EUROPE SCROUNGES FOR FUNDS AMID RUSSIAN ASSET DISPUTES Colleague Michael Bernstam. The UK threatens to seize proceeds from the sale of Chelsea FC for Ukraine aid, while the EU struggles to finance a $135 billion shortfall for Kyiv. European leaders propose leveraging frozen Russian assets for loans, but financial markets remain skeptical of the EU&#39;s ability to guarantee such debt. NUMBER 15
1963
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9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766110101" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821512-investing-in-human-intellect-over-artificial-intelligence-colleague-dr-sabayashi-pal-given-an-u"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3c040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278950/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: INVESTING IN HUMAN INTELLECT OVER ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Colleague Dr. Sabayashi Pal. Given an unlimited budget, Dr. Pal would prioritize human resource development over new telescopes, proposing a space study institute in Africa to train experts. He arg
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
INVESTING IN HUMAN INTELLECT OVER ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Colleague Dr. Sabayashi Pal. Given an unlimited budget, Dr. Pal would prioritize human resource development over new telescopes, proposing a space study institute in Africa to train experts. He argues that while AI is a useful tool, education is essential for humans to interpret data and appreciate the machinery rather than being replace...
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<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
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5m
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<span class="d-sm-none">
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766109909" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
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5m
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821510-discovery-of-giant-radio-galaxies-and-supermassive-black-holes-colleague-dr-sabayashi-pal-astro"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #da5a26; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278942/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: DISCOVERY OF GIANT RADIO GALAXIES AND SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES Colleague Dr. Sabayashi Pal. Astronomers have discovered 53 giant radio galaxies, some 75 times larger than the Milky Way, powered by active supermassive black holes emitting radio jets. These
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
DISCOVERY OF GIANT RADIO GALAXIES AND SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES Colleague Dr. Sabayashi Pal. Astronomers have discovered 53 giant radio galaxies, some 75 times larger than the Milky Way, powered by active supermassive black holes emitting radio jets. These ancient objects offer insights into galactic evolution, contrasting sharply with the Milky Way&#39;s smaller, dormant black hole that allows life...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
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13m
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<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766109673" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821509-the-gracchi-brothers-and-the-rise-of-political-violence-in-rome-colleague-professor-edward-j-wat"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3daa6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278935/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: THE GRACCHI BROTHERS AND THE RISE OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ROME Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. The Gracchi brothers introduced political violence to Rome, with Tiberius using populism to revive his career and Gaius acting as a true believer in refor
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE GRACCHI BROTHERS AND THE RISE OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ROME Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. The Gracchi brothers introduced political violence to Rome, with Tiberius using populism to revive his career and Gaius acting as a true believer in reform. Their assassinations by the Senate marked a departure from peaceful republican norms, as the elite used violence to protect entrenched econ...
</div>
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9m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766109511" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
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9m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821507-rome-vs-carthage-destiny-tragedy-and-the-consensus-for-war-colleague-professor-edward-j-watt"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278927/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: ROME VS. CARTHAGE: DESTINY, TRAGEDY, AND THE CONSENSUS FOR WAR Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. The conflict between Rome and Carthage is symbolized by the tragedy of Dido, representing the incompatibility of their powers. Despite Hannibal&#39;s devastati
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ROME VS. CARTHAGE: DESTINY, TRAGEDY, AND THE CONSENSUS FOR WAR Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. The conflict between Rome and Carthage is symbolized by the tragedy of Dido, representing the incompatibility of their powers. Despite Hannibal&#39;s devastating victories, the Roman Republic prevailed through a political system that prioritized consensus and collective sacrifice, allowing them to en...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766109190" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
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</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821506-appius-claudius-caecus-infrastructure-and-political-genius-colleague-professor-edward-j-watts"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278918/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: APPIUS CLAUDIUS CAECUS: INFRASTRUCTURE AND POLITICAL GENIUS Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. Appius Claudius Caecus transformed the Roman censorship office into a power base by building the Appian Way and appointing wealthy Italians to the Senate. As 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
APPIUS CLAUDIUS CAECUS: INFRASTRUCTURE AND POLITICAL GENIUS Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. Appius Claudius Caecus transformed the Roman censorship office into a power base by building the Appian Way and appointing wealthy Italians to the Senate. As a blind elder statesman, he shamed the Senate into rejecting peace with Pyrrhus, insisting Rome must fight to maintain its dominance and ances...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766108623" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
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</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821504-roman-kingship-from-citizen-selection-to-the-ideal-of-service-colleague-professor-edward-j-watt"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278912/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: ROMAN KINGSHIP: FROM CITIZEN SELECTION TO THE IDEAL OF SERVICE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. Early Roman kings were selected by citizens based on merit rather than heredity, but figures like Servius Tullius began bypassing this consent. Conversely,
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ROMAN KINGSHIP: FROM CITIZEN SELECTION TO THE IDEAL OF SERVICE Colleague Professor Edward J. Watts. Early Roman kings were selected by citizens based on merit rather than heredity, but figures like Servius Tullius began bypassing this consent. Conversely, Cincinnatus exemplifies the Roman ideal of service; he accepted absolute dictatorial power to save the state during a crisis, then immediatel...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766108386" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821466-argentina-s-credit-rating-rises-as-brazil-faces-political-polarization-colleague-professor-evan-e"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278738/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: ARGENTINA&#39;S CREDIT RATING RISES AS BRAZIL FACES POLITICAL POLARIZATION Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. S&amp;P upgraded Argentina&#39;s credit rating following Javier Milei&#39;s austerity measures, which have stabilized the currency and reduced inflation despite soc
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ARGENTINA&#39;S CREDIT RATING RISES AS BRAZIL FACES POLITICAL POLARIZATION Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. S&amp;P upgraded Argentina&#39;s credit rating following Javier Milei&#39;s austerity measures, which have stabilized the currency and reduced inflation despite social costs. In Brazil, the reduction of Jair Bolsonaro&#39;s prison sentence and his son Flavio&#39;s candidacy signal a continued, polarized struggle ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102666" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821464-elections-in-chile-peru-and-honduras-signal-regional-shifts-colleague-professor-evan-ellis-in"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278728/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: ELECTIONS IN CHILE, PERU, AND HONDURAS SIGNAL REGIONAL SHIFTS Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. In Chile, José Antonio Kast&#39;s rise reflects a rejection of progressive policies and crime, favoring order and investment. Meanwhile, Peru faces political fragmen
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ELECTIONS IN CHILE, PERU, AND HONDURAS SIGNAL REGIONAL SHIFTS Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. In Chile, José Antonio Kast&#39;s rise reflects a rejection of progressive policies and crime, favoring order and investment. Meanwhile, Peru faces political fragmentation and violence, Honduras struggles with electoral disputes, and Costa Rica appears poised to elect a pro-US candidate who aims to limit C...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
14m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102603" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
14m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821462-venezuela-s-tragic-decline-from-prosperity-to-authoritarianism-colleague-professor-evan-ellis-hi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278716/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: VENEZUELA&#39;S TRAGIC DECLINE FROM PROSPERITY TO AUTHORITARIANISM Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. Historical imagery reveals Venezuela&#39;s transformation from a prosperous, modern nation in the 1950s to a ruined state today. Deep inequality and corruption in t
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
VENEZUELA&#39;S TRAGIC DECLINE FROM PROSPERITY TO AUTHORITARIANISM Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. Historical imagery reveals Venezuela&#39;s transformation from a prosperous, modern nation in the 1950s to a ruined state today. Deep inequality and corruption in the pre-Chavez era alienated the poor, allowing Hugo Chavez to capitalize on their frustration and dismantle the free market system, leading to...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102442" data-format="short_date">Dec 19, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821461-china-s-surreptitious-support-keeps-the-maduro-regime-afloat-colleague-professor-evan-ellis-chin"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737373; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278709/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: CHINA&#39;S SURREPTITIOUS SUPPORT KEEPS THE MADURO REGIME AFLOAT Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. China sustains the Maduro regime through loans, surveillance technology, and military equipment while bypassing sanctions to import Venezuelan oil. The state oil 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CHINA&#39;S SURREPTITIOUS SUPPORT KEEPS THE MADURO REGIME AFLOAT Colleague Professor Evan Ellis. China sustains the Maduro regime through loans, surveillance technology, and military equipment while bypassing sanctions to import Venezuelan oil. The state oil company, PDVSA, collapsed due to the purging of technical experts and lack of investment, forcing Venezuela to rely on Iranian engineers to ma...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
12m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102303" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
12m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821458-spain-s-government-maintains-ties-with-venezuela-despite-opposition-colleague-mary-anastasia-o-gr"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d73; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278702/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: SPAIN&#39;S GOVERNMENT MAINTAINS TIES WITH VENEZUELA DESPITE OPPOSITION Colleague Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady. The Spanish government under Pedro Sanchez maintains ideological and economic alliances with the Maduro regime, prioritizing political agendas over democ
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SPAIN&#39;S GOVERNMENT MAINTAINS TIES WITH VENEZUELA DESPITE OPPOSITION Colleague Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady. The Spanish government under Pedro Sanchez maintains ideological and economic alliances with the Maduro regime, prioritizing political agendas over democratic ideals. Opposition figure Cayetana Alvarez de Toledo accuses former Prime Minister Zapatero of acting as an international agent for Madu...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
9m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102169" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
9m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821457-california-job-losses-and-china-s-economic-slowdown-amid-retail-season-colleague-chris-riegel-ca"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #404040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278697/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: CALIFORNIA JOB LOSSES AND CHINA&#39;S ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN AMID RETAIL SEASON Colleague Chris Riegel. California&#39;s new wage mandates have triggered significant job losses in the fast-food sector, forcing operators to move to lower-tax states. Internationally, wh
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CALIFORNIA JOB LOSSES AND CHINA&#39;S ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN AMID RETAIL SEASON Colleague Chris Riegel. California&#39;s new wage mandates have triggered significant job losses in the fast-food sector, forcing operators to move to lower-tax states. Internationally, while China boasts of leads in AI and EVs, these sectors rely on unsustainable subsidies, masking a deep consumer recession and deflation in the...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
11m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766102076" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
11m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821456-nato-and-eu-seek-defense-funds-amid-fears-of-russian-aggression-colleague-anatol-lieven-european"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278690/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: NATO AND EU SEEK DEFENSE FUNDS AMID FEARS OF RUSSIAN AGGRESSION Colleague Anatol Lieven. European nations like Finland are demanding funds to counter perceived Russian threats, despite a lack of historical aggression toward them. Lieven argues that plans 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
NATO AND EU SEEK DEFENSE FUNDS AMID FEARS OF RUSSIAN AGGRESSION Colleague Anatol Lieven. European nations like Finland are demanding funds to counter perceived Russian threats, despite a lack of historical aggression toward them. Lieven argues that plans to spend billions on tanks are misguided, as the Ukraine war demonstrates that expensive armor is easily destroyed by cheaper drones and defen...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766101921" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
6m
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821452-crunch-eu-summit-discusses-using-frozen-russian-assets-for-ukraine-colleague-anatol-lieven-the-e"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #735a5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278669/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep211: CRUNCH EU SUMMIT DISCUSSES USING FROZEN RUSSIAN ASSETS FOR UKRAINE Colleague Anatol Lieven. The European Union is internally divided over seizing frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine&#39;s war effort and reconstruction, a move requiring rule changes that som
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CRUNCH EU SUMMIT DISCUSSES USING FROZEN RUSSIAN ASSETS FOR UKRAINE Colleague Anatol Lieven. The European Union is internally divided over seizing frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine&#39;s war effort and reconstruction, a move requiring rule changes that some members resist. While the US proposes using these funds for post-war rebuilding, current plans risk spending the capital on immediate warfar...
</div>
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
12m
</span>
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&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766101665" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
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<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
12m
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</div>
</div>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821408-preview-guest-michael-bernstam-summary-michael-bernstam-analyzes-declining-oil-prices-noting-a"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278466/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep210: PREVIEW Guest: Michael Bernstam Summary: Michael Bernstam analyzes declining oil prices, noting a global glut that has pushed prices under $60 per barrel. He explains that because Russia loses roughly $2.7 billion for every $10 price drop and sells at a d
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Michael Bernstam Summary: Michael Bernstam analyzes declining oil prices, noting a global glut that has pushed prices under $60 per barrel. He explains that because Russia loses roughly $2.7 billion for every $10 price drop and sells at a deep discount, current revenues are insufficient to sustain its budget or war effort.
1914
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
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&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766096150" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
2m
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</div>
</div>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821407-preview-guest-professor-evan-ellis-summary-professor-ellis-discusses-venezuela-s-tragic-fall-fr"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #404040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278461/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep210: PREVIEW Guest: Professor Evan Ellis Summary: Professor Ellis discusses Venezuela&#39;s tragic fall from 1950s oil wealth to current dysfunction, attributing it to the &quot;resource curse&quot; and corruption. He explains how Hugo Chavez appealed to the forgotten poor 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Professor Evan Ellis Summary: Professor Ellis discusses Venezuela&#39;s tragic fall from 1950s oil wealth to current dysfunction, attributing it to the &quot;resource curse&quot; and corruption. He explains how Hugo Chavezappealed to the forgotten poor to dismantle free markets and establish a criminal state involved in drug trafficking and illegal mining.
1958 CARACAS ATTACKING NIXON
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<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
3m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766096053" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
3m
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</div>
</div>
</a></div>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8821406-preview-guest-anatol-lieven-summary-anatol-lieven-critiques-nato-defense-spending-arguing-that"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d735a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43278456/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep210: PREVIEW Guest: Anatol Lieven Summary: Anatol Lieven critiques NATO defense spending, arguing that while Germany prioritizes tanks to support its auto industry, effective defense against Russia requires cheaper solutions like drones and mines. He warns tha
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
PREVIEW Guest: Anatol Lieven Summary: Anatol Lieven critiques NATO defense spending, arguing that while Germany prioritizes tanks to support its auto industry, effective defense against Russia requires cheaper solutions like drones and mines. He warns that expensive armored vehicles may prove &quot;suicidal&quot; in modern war, whereas cheaper defenses are more practical.
1870 SIEGE OF PARIS
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
2m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1766095978" data-format="short_date">Dec 18, 2025</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
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2m
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