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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828515-the-composer-who-survived-colleague-tanya-branigan-this-segment-focuses-on-wang-xilin-a-compose"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313893/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep296: THE COMPOSER WHO SURVIVED Colleague Tanya Branigan. This segment focuses on Wang Xilin, a composer and former zealous party member whose career was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. Despite his devotion, he was persecuted, subjected to brutal &quot;str
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THE COMPOSER WHO SURVIVED Colleague Tanya Branigan. This segment focuses on Wang Xilin, a composer and former zealous party member whose career was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. Despite his devotion, he was persecuted, subjected to brutal &quot;struggle sessions,&quot; and driven to the brink of suicide. His music went unperformed for 37 years. Branigan describes Wang&#39;s intense anger when dis...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828514-teenage-zealots-and-the-trauma-of-violence-colleague-tanya-branigan-branigan-details-the-memori"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737373; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313888/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep296:  TEENAGE ZEALOTS AND THE TRAUMA OF VIOLENCE Colleague Tanya Branigan. Branigan details the memories of Yu Xiangzhen, a former Red Guard who attended Mao&#39;s first mass rally in August 1966. Mao encouraged youth to destroy &quot;the four olds,&quot; sparking widesprea
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TEENAGE ZEALOTS AND THE TRAUMA OF VIOLENCE Colleague Tanya Branigan. Branigan details the memories of Yu Xiangzhen, a former Red Guard who attended Mao&#39;s first mass rally in August 1966. Mao encouraged youth to destroy &quot;the four olds,&quot; sparking widespread violence against cultural artifacts and people. While traveling the country to spread revolution, Yu witnessed a sports court filled with cor...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828513-the-murder-of-teacher-bian-colleague-tanya-branigan-the-discussion-turns-to-red-august-1966-an"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a68d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313883/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep296: THE MURDER OF TEACHER BIAN Colleague Tanya Branigan. The discussion turns to &quot;Red August&quot; 1966 and the murder of vice-principal Bian Zhongyun by her students. Her husband, Wang Jingyao, secretly preserved photographs of her body and her bloodied clothes a
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THE MURDER OF TEACHER BIAN Colleague Tanya Branigan. The discussion turns to &quot;Red August&quot; 1966 and the murder of vice-principal Bian Zhongyun by her students. Her husband, Wang Jingyao, secretly preserved photographs of her body and her bloodied clothes as a shrine and evidence of the brutality. Branigan discusses Yu Xiangzhen, a former Red Guard who blogged about her regrets until political pr...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828512-the-forbidden-museum-of-shantou-colleague-tanya-branigan-tanya-branigan-discusses-her-book-red"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3da; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313878/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep296: THE FORBIDDEN MUSEUM OF SHANTOU Colleague Tanya Branigan. Tanya Branigan discusses her book, Red Memory, and her visit to the Cultural Revolution Museum in Shantou. Founded by former official Peng Qi&#39;an, this was the only museum in China dedicated to reco
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THE FORBIDDEN MUSEUM OF SHANTOU Colleague Tanya Branigan. Tanya Branigan discusses her book, Red Memory, and her visit to the Cultural Revolution Museum in Shantou. Founded by former official Peng Qi&#39;an, this was the only museum in China dedicated to recording the era&#39;s violence and chaos. Built in a remote location on a site of mass graves to avoid scrutiny, the museum was eventually suppresse...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828509-the-battle-for-rafah-and-the-future-of-hamas-colleague-seth-frantzman-the-discussion-focuses-on"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313867/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep295:  THE BATTLE FOR RAFAH AND THE FUTURE OF HAMAS Colleague Seth Frantzman. The discussion focuses on the strategic importance of Rafah and the Philadelphi Corridor along the Egyptian border, identified as the primary artery for Hamas&#39;s weapons smuggling. Fra
</h5>
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THE BATTLE FOR RAFAH AND THE FUTURE OF HAMAS Colleague Seth Frantzman. The discussion focuses on the strategic importance of Rafah and the Philadelphi Corridor along the Egyptian border, identified as the primary artery for Hamas&#39;s weapons smuggling. Frantzman argues that Israel must control this border to prevent Hamas from rearming, noting Egypt&#39;s failure to secure the area effectively. Regar...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828508-the-octopus-strategy-iran-s-proxies-and-israel-s-counterattack-colleague-seth-frantzman-frantzm"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313862/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep295: THE OCTOPUS STRATEGY: IRAN&#39;S PROXIES AND ISRAEL&#39;S COUNTERATTACK Colleague Seth Frantzman. Frantzman employs the &quot;octopus&quot; metaphor to describe Iran as the central brain directing proxies like Hamas, Hezbollah, and the Houthis to encircle Israel. He detail
</h5>
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THE OCTOPUS STRATEGY: IRAN&#39;S PROXIES AND ISRAEL&#39;S COUNTERATTACK Colleague Seth Frantzman. Frantzman employs the &quot;octopus&quot; metaphor to describe Iran as the central brain directing proxies like Hamas, Hezbollah, and the Houthis to encircle Israel. He details Hamas&#39;s October 7 strategy: massacre civilians, seize hostages, and retreat to human shields and tunnels to await international pressure on ...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828507-anatomy-of-an-intelligence-failure-arrogance-and-technology-colleague-seth-frantzman-this-segme"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313857/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep295: ANATOMY OF AN INTELLIGENCE FAILURE: ARROGANCE AND TECHNOLOGY Colleague Seth Frantzman. This segment analyzes the catastrophic intelligence failure leading to October 7, attributing it to a mix of complacency, arrogance, and groupthink within Israel&#39;s defe
</h5>
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ANATOMY OF AN INTELLIGENCE FAILURE: ARROGANCE AND TECHNOLOGY Colleague Seth Frantzman. This segment analyzes the catastrophic intelligence failure leading to October 7, attributing it to a mix of complacency, arrogance, and groupthink within Israel&#39;s defense establishment. Despite warnings from border observers and Unit 8200 possessing Hamas&#39;s attack plans a year in advance, officials dismissed...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768088509" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828506-the-horror-of-october-7-and-the-origins-of-hamas-colleague-seth-frantzman-seth-frantzman-recount"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313852/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep295: THE HORROR OF OCTOBER 7 AND THE ORIGINS OF HAMAS Colleague Seth Frantzman. Seth Frantzman recounts his harrowing experience on the evening of October 7, discovering a body on the road to Gaza, symbolizing the chaos of the initial invasion. The conversatio
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THE HORROR OF OCTOBER 7 AND THE ORIGINS OF HAMAS Colleague Seth Frantzman. Seth Frantzmanrecounts his harrowing experience on the evening of October 7, discovering a body on the road to Gaza, symbolizing the chaos of the initial invasion. The conversation shifts to the historical origins of Hamas, founded by Ahmed Yassin during the First Intifada as an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood. Frantz...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768088445" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828505-iran-s-quest-for-supremacy-and-future-nuclear-negotiations-colleague-brandon-weichert-weichert-d"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #737373; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313847/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep294: IRAN&#39;S QUEST FOR SUPREMACY AND FUTURE NUCLEAR NEGOTIATIONS Colleague Brandon Weichert. Weichert discusses Iran&#39;s ultimate goal of regional supremacy, describing the regime as the &quot;octopus brain&quot; directing proxies like Hamas and Hezbollah to attack Israel.
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
 IRAN&#39;S QUEST FOR SUPREMACY AND FUTURE NUCLEAR NEGOTIATIONS Colleague Brandon Weichert. Weichert discusses Iran&#39;s ultimate goal of regional supremacy, describing the regime as the &quot;octopus brain&quot; directing proxies like Hamas and Hezbollah to attack Israel. He notes that his book anticipated the proxy attacks that occurred on October 7. Looking forward, Weichert analyzes potential US responses, ...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768088200" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828504-shifts-in-us-policy-and-the-rise-of-the-shia-crescent-colleague-brandon-weichert-this-section-t"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313842/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep294:  SHIFTS IN US POLICY AND THE RISE OF THE SHIA CRESCENT Colleague Brandon Weichert. This section tracks US policy shifts from Clinton&#39;s diplomatic attempts to the unintended consequences of the 2003 Iraq War. Weichert argues that removing Saddam Hussein el
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SHIFTS IN US POLICY AND THE RISE OF THE SHIA CRESCENT Colleague Brandon Weichert. This section tracks US policy shifts from Clinton&#39;s diplomatic attempts to the unintended consequences of the 2003 Iraq War. Weichert argues that removing Saddam Hussein eliminated a check on Iranian power, allowing Tehran to establish a &quot;Shia Crescent&quot; of influence stretching to Lebanon. The conversation covers t...
</div>
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12m
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&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768088127" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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12m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828503-the-hostage-crisis-the-iran-iraq-war-and-the-carter-doctrine-colleague-brandon-weichert-focusi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3daa6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313837/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep294: THE HOSTAGE CRISIS, THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR, AND THE CARTER DOCTRINE Colleague Brandon Weichert. Focusing on the aftermath of the 1979 revolution, this segment explores the American hostage crisis and the subsequent Iran-Iraq War initiated by Saddam Hussein in 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE HOSTAGE CRISIS, THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR, AND THE CARTER DOCTRINE Colleague Brandon Weichert. Focusing on the aftermath of the 1979 revolution, this segment explores the American hostage crisis and the subsequent Iran-Iraq War initiated by Saddam Hussein in 1980. Hussein attacked to exploit Iran&#39;s post-revolutionary chaos and seize the Shatt al-Arab waterway, fearing the spread of radical Islamism...
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8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768088015" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828502-us-intervention-in-iran-from-operation-ajax-to-the-shah-s-fall-colleague-brandon-weichert-this"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313832/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep294: US INTERVENTION IN IRAN: FROM OPERATION AJAX TO THE SHAH&#39;S FALL Colleague Brandon Weichert. This segment introduces Brandon Weichert&#39;s book, The Shadow War, and examines the history of US interference in Iran. It details Ambassador William Sullivan&#39;s 1978
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
US INTERVENTION IN IRAN: FROM OPERATION AJAX TO THE SHAH&#39;S FALL Colleague Brandon Weichert. This segment introduces Brandon Weichert&#39;s book, The Shadow War, and examines the history of USinterference in Iran. It details Ambassador William Sullivan&#39;s 1978 &quot;Thinking the Unthinkable&quot; memo, which suggested the Carter administration prepare for the Shah&#39;s removal as he weakened. The discussion highl...
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768087915" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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</div>
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<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828495-the-chinese-judge-and-the-modern-legacy-of-the-trial-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-judge-mei"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8da6c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313794/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: THE CHINESE JUDGE AND THE MODERN LEGACY OF THE TRIAL Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Judge Mei Ju-ao represented China, striving to center the suffering of Asian peoples in the judgment before returning to a China engulfed by revolution. The trial&#39;s leg
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE CHINESE JUDGE AND THE MODERN LEGACY OF THE TRIAL Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Judge Mei Ju-ao represented China, striving to center the suffering of Asian peoples in the judgment before returning to a China engulfed by revolution. The trial&#39;s legacy remains volatile in modern Asia, exemplified by former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, whose grandfather, Kishi Nobusuke, was a suspected Class...
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7m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084953" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
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</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828494-dissent-execution-and-the-shadow-of-imperialism-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-judge-radhabi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313789/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: DISSENT, EXECUTION, AND THE SHADOW OF IMPERIALISM Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Judge Radhabinod Pal of India issued a massive 1,200-page dissent, arguing the tribunal was illegitimate and driven by the racism of colonial powers. Pal viewed Japanese a
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
DISSENT, EXECUTION, AND THE SHADOW OF IMPERIALISM Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Judge Radhabinod Pal of India issued a massive 1,200-page dissent, arguing the tribunal was illegitimate and driven by the racism of colonial powers. Pal viewed Japanese actions as defense against Western encroachment and, controversially, questioned evidence of the Nanjing atrocities. Despite dissents from Fren...
</div>
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084809" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
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</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828493-conspiracy-charges-and-the-legality-of-aggressive-war-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-the-prose"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313784/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: CONSPIRACY CHARGES AND THE LEGALITY OF AGGRESSIVE WAR Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. The prosecution focused on 28 Class A defendants, alleging a grand conspiracy to wage aggressive war. This conspiracy charge, borrowed from Nuremberg, fit awkwardly wi
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
CONSPIRACY CHARGES AND THE LEGALITY OF AGGRESSIVE WAR Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. The prosecution focused on 28 Class A defendants, alleging a grand conspiracy to wage aggressive war. This conspiracy charge, borrowed from Nuremberg, fit awkwardly with the fractured reality of the Japanese government, where defendants were often bitter rivals. To prosecute &quot;aggressive war,&quot; the tribunal re...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
8m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084612" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
8m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828492-the-cold-war-shift-george-kennan-s-strategic-pivot-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-by-1948-th"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313779/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: THE COLD WAR SHIFT: GEORGE KENNAN&#39;S STRATEGIC PIVOT Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. By 1948, the trial&#39;s context shifted dramatically with the onset of the Cold War and the Chinese Civil War. George Kennan, the architect of containment, visited Tokyo to
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE COLD WAR SHIFT: GEORGE KENNAN&#39;S STRATEGIC PIVOT Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. By 1948, the trial&#39;s context shifted dramatically with the onset of the Cold War and the Chinese Civil War. George Kennan, the architect of containment, visited Tokyo to convince MacArthur that democratization was less important than establishing Japan as a strong anti-communist bulwark against the Soviets. Ke...
</div>
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10m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084522" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
10m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828491-a-flawed-tribunal-incompetent-prosecutors-and-cranky-judges-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-th"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313774/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: A FLAWED TRIBUNAL: INCOMPETENT PROSECUTORS AND CRANKY JUDGES Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. The tribunal, involving nine Allied nations, suffered from personnel issues driven by President Truman&#39;s cronyism. Unlike the selection of Robert Jackson for Nu
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
A FLAWED TRIBUNAL: INCOMPETENT PROSECUTORS AND CRANKY JUDGES Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. The tribunal, involving nine Allied nations, suffered from personnel issues driven by President Truman&#39;scronyism. Unlike the selection of Robert Jackson for Nuremberg, Truman appointed Joseph Keenan, an undistinguished and alcoholic figure, as chief prosecutor. Keenan was intellectually outclassed by ...
</div>
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6m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084257" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
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6m
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</a></div>
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<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828490-arresting-the-cabinet-and-defining-class-a-crimes-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-as-macarthur"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313769/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: ARRESTING THE CABINET AND DEFINING CLASS A CRIMES Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. As MacArthur&#39;s occupation forces arrived in a ruined Tokyo, they began arresting suspects, including former Prime Minister Tojo Hideki, who botched a suicide attempt. The 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
ARRESTING THE CABINET AND DEFINING CLASS A CRIMES Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. As MacArthur&#39;s occupation forces arrived in a ruined Tokyo, they began arresting suspects, including former Prime Minister Tojo Hideki, who botched a suicide attempt. The upcoming International Military Tribunal for the Far Eastcategorized offenses into Class A (aggressive war), Class B (conventional war crimes)...
</div>
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<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
13m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084202" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
13m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828489-the-emperor-s-immunity-and-macarthur-s-swift-justice-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-following"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313764/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep293: THE EMPEROR&#39;S IMMUNITY AND MACARTHUR&#39;S SWIFT JUSTICE Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Following the surrender on the USS Missouri, General Douglas MacArthur faced the challenge of implementing the Potsdam Declaration&#39;s call for justice. A political decis
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE EMPEROR&#39;S IMMUNITY AND MACARTHUR&#39;S SWIFT JUSTICE Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Following the surrender on the USS Missouri, General Douglas MacArthur faced the challenge of implementing the Potsdam Declaration&#39;s call for justice. A political decision was made to shield Emperor Hirohito from prosecution to utilize his authority for disarming troops and legitimizing the occupation, despit...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
7m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768084136" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
7m
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</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828488-truman-inherits-a-world-war-and-the-burden-of-judgment-colleague-professor-gary-j-bass-followin"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43313759/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep293: TRUMAN INHERITS A WORLD WAR AND THE BURDEN OF JUDGMENT Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Following the sudden death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April 1945, Harry Truman assumed the presidency with little preparation regarding foreign policy or the situati
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<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
TRUMAN INHERITS A WORLD WAR AND THE BURDEN OF JUDGMENT Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. Following the sudden death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April 1945, Harry Truman assumed the presidency with little preparation regarding foreign policy or the situation in Asia. While Truman possessed combat experience from World War I, his understanding of China and Japan relied heavily on stereotypes and ...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768083213" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828351-soccer-stadiums-as-protest-venues-and-the-ethnic-factor-colleague-brenda-shaffer-shaffer-descri"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d8d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312975/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep292:  SOCCER STADIUMS AS PROTEST VENUES AND THE ETHNIC FACTOR Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shaffer describes how soccer stadiums, particularly for the Azerbaijani team &quot;Tractor,&quot; have become venues for ethnic and anti-regime protest. She notes the regime&#39;s brutal
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
SOCCER STADIUMS AS PROTEST VENUES AND THE ETHNIC FACTOR Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shafferdescribes how soccer stadiums, particularly for the Azerbaijani team &quot;Tractor,&quot; have become venues for ethnic and anti-regime protest. She notes the regime&#39;s brutal crackdown on athletes supporting the movement. Shaffer observes a shift in the opposition from seeking reform to demanding total regime change....
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768012415" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828350-broken-promises-and-linguistic-discrimination-colleague-brenda-shaffer-shaffer-details-how-the-i"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a6a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312970/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep292: BROKEN PROMISES AND LINGUISTIC DISCRIMINATION Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shaffer details how the Islamic Republic initially promised ethnic minorities linguistic and cultural rights to secure power in 1979, only to violently suppress them once established.
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
BROKEN PROMISES AND LINGUISTIC DISCRIMINATION Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shaffer details how the Islamic Republic initially promised ethnic minorities linguistic and cultural rights to secure power in 1979, only to violently suppress them once established. She explains that this oppression continues today through the policing of non-Persian names on birth certificates and the banning of minority...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768012149" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828349-broken-promises-and-linguistic-discrimination-colleague-brenda-shaffer-shaffer-details-how-the-i"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a68d5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312963/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep292: BROKEN PROMISES AND LINGUISTIC DISCRIMINATION Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shaffer details how the Islamic Republic initially promised ethnic minorities linguistic and cultural rights to secure power in 1979, only to violently suppress them once established.
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
BROKEN PROMISES AND LINGUISTIC DISCRIMINATION Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Shaffer details how the Islamic Republic initially promised ethnic minorities linguistic and cultural rights to secure power in 1979, only to violently suppress them once established. She explains that this oppression continues today through the policing of non-Persian names on birth certificates and the banning of minority...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828348-iran-is-more-than-persia-a-diverse-mosaic-of-ethnic-minorities-colleague-brenda-shaffer-brenda"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5a5a5a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312956/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep292: IRAN IS MORE THAN PERSIA: A DIVERSE MOSAIC OF ETHNIC MINORITIES Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Brenda Shaffer discusses her book, Iran is More than Persia, arguing that Iran is not a monolithic Persian state but a diverse mosaic where ethnic minorities compris
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
IRAN IS MORE THAN PERSIA: A DIVERSE MOSAIC OF ETHNIC MINORITIES Colleague Brenda Shaffer. Brenda Shaffer discusses her book, Iran is More than Persia, arguing that Iran is not a monolithic Persian state but a diverse mosaic where ethnic minorities comprise roughly half the population. She explains how the 20th-century shift to Persian nationalism marginalized groups like the Azerbaijanis, Kurds...
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11m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768011870" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828343-the-sam-altman-melodrama-colleague-gary-rivlin-the-shock-firing-of-sam-altman-by-the-openai-boar"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #264040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312937/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: THE SAM ALTMAN MELODRAMA Colleague Gary Rivlin. The shock firing of Sam Altman by the OpenAI board over trust issues, Microsoft&#39;s intervention, and the rapid rehiring that solidified the race for dominance. NUMBER 16
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 THE SAM ALTMAN MELODRAMA Colleague Gary Rivlin. The shock firing of Sam Altman by the OpenAI board over trust issues, Microsoft&#39;s intervention, and the rapid rehiring that solidified the race for dominance. NUMBER 16
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828342-the-dilemma-of-bigness-colleague-gary-rivlin-how-corporate-giants-like-google-were-slowed-by-the"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: THE DILEMMA OF BIGNESS Colleague Gary Rivlin. How corporate giants like Google were slowed by their own business models, leading Suleyman to leave for Inflection and eventually Microsoft to bypass startup funding issues. NUMBER 15
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE DILEMMA OF BIGNESS Colleague Gary Rivlin. How corporate giants like Google were slowed by their own business models, leading Suleyman to leave for Inflection and eventually Microsoft to bypass startup funding issues. NUMBER 15
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828322-doomers-vs-accelerationists-colleague-gary-rivlin-the-ideological-battle-between-accelerationi"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312844/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: DOOMERS VS. ACCELERATIONISTS Colleague Gary Rivlin. The ideological battle between &quot;accelerationists&quot; who want rapid progress and &quot;doomers&quot; who fear existential risk, with Hoffman positioning himself as a &quot;bloomer.&quot; NUMBER 14
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
DOOMERS VS. ACCELERATIONISTS Colleague Gary Rivlin. The ideological battle between &quot;accelerationists&quot; who want rapid progress and &quot;doomers&quot; who fear existential risk, with Hoffman positioning himself as a &quot;bloomer.&quot; NUMBER 14
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768003250" data-format="short_date">Jan 10</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828319-transformers-and-openai-colleague-gary-rivlin-the-development-of-the-transformer-paper-at-goog"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #262626; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312833/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: TRANSFORMERS AND OPENAI Colleague Gary Rivlin. The development of the &quot;transformer&quot; paper at Google, the rise of large language models like GPT, and OpenAI&#39;s pivot from non-profit to a Microsoft-backed entity. NUMBER 13
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
TRANSFORMERS AND OPENAI Colleague Gary Rivlin. The development of the &quot;transformer&quot; paper at Google, the rise of large language models like GPT, and OpenAI&#39;s pivot from non-profit to a Microsoft-backed entity. NUMBER 13
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768003126" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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11m
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828317-deepmind-and-the-google-acquisition-colleague-gary-rivlin-mustafa-suleyman-and-demis-hassabis-fo"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f35a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312823/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: DEEPMIND AND THE GOOGLE ACQUISITION Colleague Gary Rivlin. Mustafa Suleyman and Demis Hassabis founding DeepMind to master games, their sale to Google for $650 million, and the culture clash that followed. NUMBER 12
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
DEEPMIND AND THE GOOGLE ACQUISITION Colleague Gary Rivlin. Mustafa Suleyman and Demis Hassabisfounding DeepMind to master games, their sale to Google for $650 million, and the culture clash that followed. NUMBER 12
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768003071" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828316-the-ai-winter-colleague-gary-rivlin-the-history-of-frank-rosenblatt-s-neural-networks-their-dis"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S8 Ep291: THE AI WINTER Colleague Gary Rivlin. The history of Frank Rosenblatt&#39;s neural networks, their dismissal by Marvin Minsky in favor of rules-based computing, and the decades-long &quot;winter&quot; before the resurgence of machine learning. NUMBER 11
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
THE AI WINTER Colleague Gary Rivlin. The history of Frank Rosenblatt&#39;s neural networks, their dismissal by Marvin Minsky in favor of rules-based computing, and the decades-long &quot;winter&quot; before the resurgence of machine learning. NUMBER 11
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768003027" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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1955
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1768002903" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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1906 TEHRAN. HEADS OF TURCOMAN CHIEFS
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ROOTS OF THE REVOLUTION Colleague Nilo Tabrizy. The historical context of the 1953 coup against Mossadegh, the alienation of the Pahlavi dynasty, and the recurring cycle of foreign interference and internal authoritarianism. NUMBER 7
1902 PERSIA
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WOMAN, LIFE, FREEDOM: THE STORY OF IRAN&#39;S UPRISING Colleague Nilo Tabrizy. Nilo Tabrizy and co-author Fatima Jamalapur document the uprising sparked by the death of Mahsa Jina Amini in police custody. They trace the regime&#39;s brutality back to the 1953 coup and the 1979 revolution. The discussion highlights the repression of minorities and defiant activism within Evin Prison. NUMBER 5
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<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
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<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
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1936 RAMALLAH
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<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
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THE FATE OF THE JEWISH NATION AND THE DESTINY OF THE WEST Colleague Josh Hammer. Josh Hammer discusses his journey from a secular upbringing to Orthodox Judaism and his new book regarding Westerncivilization. He contrasts the Holocaust site Treblinka with the October 7 massacre at Kfar Aza. Hammer also details violent campus antisemitism, arguing it targets the foundations of the West. NUMBER 1...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828283-preview-for-later-today-ai-valley-the-early-history-of-artificial-intelligence-colleague-gary-ri"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312667/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep289: PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY AI VALLEY: THE EARLY HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Colleague Gary Rivlin. Author Gary Rivlin reviews the early history of artificial intelligence in his book AI Valley. He details how 1950s pioneers faced mockery because compu
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PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY AI VALLEY: THE EARLY HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEColleague Gary Rivlin. Author Gary Rivlin reviews the early history of artificial intelligence in his book AI Valley. He details how 1950s pioneers faced mockery because computers lacked the power and digital data necessary for neural networks, resulting in a fifty-year delay before technology caught up to the concept.
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828279-preview-for-later-today-pi-the-polite-chatbot-designed-for-empathy-colleague-gary-rivlin-gary-r"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dac040; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312649/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep289: PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY PI: THE POLITE CHATBOT DESIGNED FOR EMPATHY Colleague Gary Rivlin. Gary Rivlin examines the creation of &quot;Pi,&quot; a chatbot designed by personality engineers to exhibit good manners and empathy. Rivlin explains how humans fine-tuned th
</h5>
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PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY PI: THE POLITE CHATBOT DESIGNED FOR EMPATHY Colleague Gary Rivlin. Gary Rivlin examines the creation of &quot;Pi,&quot; a chatbot designed by personality engineers to exhibit good manners and empathy. Rivlin explains how humans fine-tuned the bot to be polite, predicting a future where such AI could serve affordable therapeutic roles or even function as romantic partners.
1955
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828278-preview-for-later-today-ai-winters-when-funding-vanished-colleague-gary-rivlin-gary-rivlin-expl"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3da; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312644/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep289: PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY AI WINTERS: WHEN FUNDING VANISHED Colleague Gary Rivlin. Gary Rivlin explains the history of &quot;AI winters&quot; in the 20th century, periods when funding vanished due to overhyped expectations. He describes how optimism in the 1970s and 
</h5>
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PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY AI WINTERS: WHEN FUNDING VANISHED Colleague Gary Rivlin. Gary Rivlin explains the history of &quot;AI winters&quot; in the 20th century, periods when funding vanished due to overhyped expectations. He describes how optimism in the 1970s and 1980s regarding expert systems eventually collapsed, turning AI into a &quot;dirty word&quot; for investors until its recent resurgence.
1964
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828276-preview-for-later-today-israel-and-civilization-anti-western-sentiment-on-campus-colleague-josh"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #dadada; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312634/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep289: PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY ISRAEL AND CIVILIZATION: ANTI-WESTERN SENTIMENT ON CAMPUS Colleague Josh Hammer. Columnist Josh Hammer discusses his book Israel and Civilization, arguing that anti-Israel protests at universities like George Washington University 
</h5>
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PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY ISRAEL AND CIVILIZATION: ANTI-WESTERN SENTIMENT ON CAMPUSColleague Josh Hammer. Columnist Josh Hammer discusses his book Israel and Civilization, arguing that anti-Israelprotests at universities like George Washington University are proxies for anti-Western sentiment. Hammer suggests these activists view Israel as a &quot;little Satan&quot; representing Western nation-states, aimi...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1767999433" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8828271-preview-for-later-today-iran-s-diverse-ethnic-makeup-colleague-nilo-tabrizy-journalist-nilo-tab"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a6a68d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43312609/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep289:  PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY IRAN&#39;S DIVERSE ETHNIC MAKEUP Colleague Nilo Tabrizy. Journalist Nilo Tabrizy, co-author of For the Sun After Long Nights, discusses the diverse ethnic makeup of Iran. She explains how moving to Tehran from the provinces feels like
</h5>
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PREVIEW FOR LATER TODAY IRAN&#39;S DIVERSE ETHNIC MAKEUP Colleague Nilo Tabrizy. Journalist Nilo Tabrizy, co-author of For the Sun After Long Nights, discusses the diverse ethnic makeup of Iran. She explains how moving to Tehran from the provinces feels like immigration for many minorities, who must assimilate and blend their distinct languages and cultures within the capital city.
1870 PERSIA
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8827906-show-1-8-2026-the-show-begins-in-doubts-about-the-sarcastic-invention-the-don-roe-doctrine"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3da; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43310749/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep288: SHOW 1-8-2026 THE SHOW BEGINS IN DOUBTS ABOUT THE SARCASTIC INVENTION, THE DON-ROE DOCTRINE.     SPHERES OF INFLUENCE AND THE RETURN OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE Colleague Anatol Lieven, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft. Anatol Lieven argues that &quot;sp
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SHOW
1-8-2026
THE SHOW BEGINS IN DOUBTS ABOUT THE SARCASTIC INVENTION, THE DON-ROE DOCTRINE.

SPHERES OF INFLUENCE AND THE RETURN OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE Colleague Anatol Lieven, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft. Anatol Lieven argues that &quot;spheres of influence&quot; have returned, with the US reasserting the Monroe Doctrine in the Western Hemisphere and threatening to seize Greenland. Unli...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8827898-artemis-2-risks-and-the-search-for-life-in-space-colleague-bob-zimmerman-behindtheblack-com-bob"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43310715/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep287: ARTEMIS 2 RISKS AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE IN SPACE Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Bob Zimmerman urges NASA to fly Artemis 2 unmanned due to unresolved Orion heat shield damage, arguing safety should trump beating China. He also dismisses conce
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 ARTEMIS 2 RISKS AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE IN SPACE Colleague Bob Zimmerman, BehindtheBlack.com. Bob Zimmerman urges NASA to fly Artemis 2 unmanned due to unresolved Orion heat shield damage, arguing safety should trump beating China. He also dismisses concerns about lunar methane contamination and highlights a new study suggesting ice caps could allow liquid water lakes to exist on Mars. NUMBER ...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1767920513" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8827894-european-freeze-and-the-myth-of-boots-on-the-ground-colleague-simon-constable-journalist-and-aut"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0a6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43310701/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep287: EUROPEAN FREEZE AND THE MYTH OF BOOTS ON THE GROUND Colleague Simon Constable, Journalist and Author. A deep freeze hits Southern Europe while commodity prices like copper rise. Simon Constable reports on the UK&#39;s bleak economic mood and dismisses the fea
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EUROPEAN FREEZE AND THE MYTH OF BOOTS ON THE GROUND Colleague Simon Constable, Journalist and Author. A deep freeze hits Southern Europe while commodity prices like copper rise. Simon Constable reports on the UK&#39;s bleak economic mood and dismisses the feasibility of British or French &quot;boots on the ground&quot; in Ukraine. He notes that depleted military manpower makes such guarantees declarative rat...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1767920335" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8827892-russia-s-oil-crisis-and-regional-deficits-colleague-michael-bernstam-hoover-institution-russia"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c0c0c0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43310691/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep287: RUSSIA&#39;S OIL CRISIS AND REGIONAL DEFICITS Colleague Michael Bernstam, Hoover Institution. Russia faces a financial crisis as oil prices drop below $60 per barrel. Michael Bernstam explains that increased global supply forces Russia to sell at deep discoun
</h5>
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RUSSIA&#39;S OIL CRISIS AND REGIONAL DEFICITS Colleague Michael Bernstam, Hoover Institution. Russiafaces a financial crisis as oil prices drop below $60 per barrel. Michael Bernstam explains that increased global supply forces Russia to sell at deep discounts to China and India, often below cost. This revenue loss prevents the Kremlinfrom paying soldiers, sparking severe regional budget deficits. ...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1767920119" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8827889-venezuela-the-regime-survives-maduro-s-exit-colleague-mary-anastasia-o-grady-wall-street-journa"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c08d8d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/43310672/1400x1400/c" />
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S8 Ep287: VENEZUELA: THE REGIME SURVIVES MADURO&#39;S EXIT Colleague Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady, Wall Street Journal. Despite Maduro&#39;s removal, the Venezuelan regime remains intact under hardliners Delcy Rodriguez and Diosdado Cabello. Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady notes that rep
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VENEZUELA: THE REGIME SURVIVES MADURO&#39;S EXIT Colleague Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady, Wall Street Journal. Despite Maduro&#39;s removal, the Venezuelan regime remains intact under hardliners Delcy Rodriguez and Diosdado Cabello. Mary Anastasia O&#39;Grady notes that repression continues, and European oil companies are hesitant to invest. The regime feigns cooperation to avoid US intervention, but genuine reco...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1767919464" data-format="short_date">Jan 09</span></span>
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