S8 Ep279: MEDIA SUPPRESSION, POLITICAL WHITEWASHING, AND THE DISCOVERY OF BURIED EVIDENCE Colleague Craig Unger. This segment recounts the suppression of the October Surprise story by major media and government institutions. After initially hiring Unger to investig
MEDIA SUPPRESSION, POLITICAL WHITEWASHING, AND THE DISCOVERY OF BURIED EVIDENCEColleague Craig Unger. This segment recounts the suppression of the October Surprise story by major media and government institutions. After initially hiring Unger to investigate, Newsweek abruptly pivoted, publishing articles denying the events took place, which Unger calls a "disgrace." A subsequent House investiga...
8m Jan 05
8m
S8 Ep279: THE ORIGINS OF THE INVESTIGATION AND THE ALLEGATIONS OF ARI BEN-MENASHE Colleague Craig Unger. Unger details how the "October Surprise" investigation began, sparked by a 1991 op-ed from former National Security Council member Gary Sick. Unger, then workin
THE ORIGINS OF THE INVESTIGATION AND THE ALLEGATIONS OF ARI BEN-MENASHE Colleague Craig Unger. Unger details how the "October Surprise" investigation began, sparked by a 1991 op-ed from former National Security Council member Gary Sick. Unger, then working with Esquire and later Newsweek, collaborated with investigative reporter Bob Parry to uncover the truth. A key but controversial source was...
11m Jan 05
11m
S8 Ep279: BILL CASEY'S SECRET INTELLIGENCE NETWORK AND THE CAMPAIGN TO DEFEAT CARTER Colleague Craig Unger. Focusing on the Republican response to the hostage crisis, this segment examines the role of William "Bill" Casey, who took over Ronald Reagan's campaign in
BILL CASEY'S SECRET INTELLIGENCE NETWORK AND THE CAMPAIGN TO DEFEAT CARTERColleague Craig Unger. Focusing on the Republican response to the hostage crisis, this segment examines the role of William "Bill" Casey, who took over Ronald Reagan's campaign in early 1980. Unger describes Casey as a brilliant former OSS spy who operated a "secret intelligence network" involving South African arms deale...
6m Jan 05
6m
S8 Ep279: THE DESERT ONE TRAGEDY AND THE GEOPOLITICAL STAKES OF THE 1980 ELECTION Colleague Craig Unger. Author Craig Unger discusses the failed "Desert One" rescue mission on April 24, 1980, where mechanical failures and a collision resulted in eight American deat
THE DESERT ONE TRAGEDY AND THE GEOPOLITICAL STAKES OF THE 1980 ELECTION Colleague Craig Unger. Author Craig Unger discusses the failed "Desert One" rescue mission on April 24, 1980, where mechanical failures and a collision resulted in eight American deaths, ending any immediate hope of rescuing 52 hostages held in Iran. Unger explains that while the Shah of Iran had been a US puppet installed ...
12m Jan 05
12m
S8 Ep279: MOTIVE AND THE PSYCHOLOGY OF A NARCISSIST Colleague Paul Gregory. In the final segment, Gregory explores Oswald's motive, arguing that history has underestimated his intelligence and manipulativeness. Despite his dyslexia and poor education, Oswald succ
MOTIVE AND THE PSYCHOLOGY OF A NARCISSIST Colleague Paul Gregory. In the final segment, Gregoryexplores Oswald's motive, arguing that history has underestimated his intelligence and manipulativeness. Despite his dyslexia and poor education, Oswald successfully manipulated government officials in both the US and USSR. The motive was rooted in a desire to prove his greatness to the world—a belief...
7m Jan 05
7m
S8 Ep279: THE WARREN COMMISSION AND THE LONE GUNMAN CONCLUSION Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory discusses the Warren Commission and the enduring conspiracy theories surrounding the assassination. He visited Dealey Plaza personally to assess the sniper's nest, c
THE WARREN COMMISSION AND THE LONE GUNMAN CONCLUSION Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory discusses the Warren Commission and the enduring conspiracy theories surrounding the assassination. He visited Dealey Plaza personally to assess the sniper's nest, concluding the shot was "fairly easy" for a prepared shooter. Gregory dismisses the idea of a complex conspiracy, noting the spontaneity of Osw...
15m Jan 05
15m
S8 Ep279: THE FUNERALS AND MARGUERITE'S ERRATIC BEHAVIOR Colleague Paul Gregory. This segment contrasts the global mourning for President Kennedy with the lonely burial of Lee Harvey Oswald at Rose Hill, where reporters served as pallbearers. Marina Oswald was in a
THE FUNERALS AND MARGUERITE'S ERRATIC BEHAVIOR Colleague Paul Gregory. This segment contrasts the global mourning for President Kennedy with the lonely burial of Lee Harvey Oswald at Rose Hill, where reporters served as pallbearers. Marina Oswald was in a daze, emotionally devastated by watching Jackie Kennedy and the state funeral on television. Meanwhile, Marguerite Oswald became increasingly...
9m Jan 05
9m
S8 Ep279: PROTECTING THE FAMILY AND THE BACKYARD PHOTOGRAPH Colleague Paul Gregory. Following the assassination, Oswald's mother, Marguerite, contacted Pete Gregory seeking shelter for herself and Marina. Pete coordinated with the Secret Service to move the women t
PROTECTING THE FAMILY AND THE BACKYARD PHOTOGRAPH Colleague Paul Gregory. Following the assassination, Oswald's mother, Marguerite, contacted Pete Gregory seeking shelter for herself and Marina. Petecoordinated with the Secret Service to move the women to a hotel at Six Flags to protect them from the press and facilitate interrogation. Authorities were particularly focused on a photo of Oswald ...
12m Jan 05
12m
S8 Ep279: THE WALKER ATTEMPT AND DELUSIONS IN NEW ORLEANS Colleague Paul Gregory. The narrative shifts to April 1963, when a shaken Oswald confessed to Marina that he had attempted to assassinate General Edwin Walker. Marina found a note with instructions but did n
THE WALKER ATTEMPT AND DELUSIONS IN NEW ORLEANS Colleague Paul Gregory. The narrative shifts to April 1963, when a shaken Oswald confessed to Marina that he had attempted to assassinate General Edwin Walker. Marina found a note with instructions but did not report him, though she threatened to leave if he tried such violence again. Soon after, Oswald moved to New Orleans to build credentials as...
8m Jan 05
8m
S8 Ep279: POVERTY, RUSSIAN LESSONS, AND THE DINNER PARTY INCIDENT Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory describes his visits to the Oswalds' impoverished duplex for Russian lessons in the summer of 1962. He notes a specific Time magazine featuring President Kennedy
POVERTY, RUSSIAN LESSONS, AND THE DINNER PARTY INCIDENT Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory describes his visits to the Oswalds' impoverished duplex for Russian lessons in the summer of 1962. He notes a specific Time magazine featuring President Kennedy on their coffee table; Marina admired Kennedy, calling him a good father, while Lee seemingly agreed. The couple faced severe deprivation, lac...
12m Jan 05
12m
S8 Ep279: MEETING LEE HARVEY OSWALD AND THE SEARCH FOR EMPLOYMENT Colleague Paul Gregory. This segment traces the relationship back to June 1962, when Pete Gregory first met Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald, seeking employment that utilized his Russian language skills rat
MEETING LEE HARVEY OSWALD AND THE SEARCH FOR EMPLOYMENT Colleague Paul Gregory. This segment traces the relationship back to June 1962, when Pete Gregory first met Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald, seeking employment that utilized his Russian language skills rather than manual labor, was referred to Pete for a language evaluation. Pete wrote a letter vouching for Oswald's fluency, though he noted Oswa...
10m Jan 05
10m
S8 Ep279: THE MORNING OF THE ASSASSINATION AND IDENTIFYING THE SUSPECT Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory recounts the morning of November 22, 1963, from the perspective of his father, Pete Gregory, a Russian translator who watched President Kennedy speak outside
THE MORNING OF THE ASSASSINATION AND IDENTIFYING THE SUSPECT Colleague Paul Gregory. Paul Gregory recounts the morning of November 22, 1963, from the perspective of his father, Pete Gregory, a Russiantranslator who watched President Kennedy speak outside a hotel in Fort Worth. Pete later returned to his office, only to learn shortly after that the President had been shot. Meanwhile, Paul was a ...
9m Jan 05
9m
S8 Ep279: THE LONELY END OF NORSE GREENLAND Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The final segment explores the disappearance of the Norse settlement in Greenland, focusing on the Herjolfsnes graveyard. Preserved clothing from the 15th century reveals garments that were
THE LONELY END OF NORSE GREENLAND Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The final segment explores the disappearance of the Norse settlement in Greenland, focusing on the Herjolfsnes graveyard. Preserved clothing from the 15th century reveals garments that were patched repeatedly, symbolizing the colony's isolation and poverty. Barracloughdescribes a poignant detail: a woman's dress that ripped as she...
9m Jan 05
9m
S8 Ep279: THE FIRE GIANT'S CAVE AND RITUAL OFFERINGS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The discussion descends into Surtshellir, a massive lava cave in Iceland associated with the fire giant Surt. Barraclough describes archaeological finds deep within the cave, includ
THE FIRE GIANT'S CAVE AND RITUAL OFFERINGS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The discussion descends into Surtshellir, a massive lava cave in Iceland associated with the fire giant Surt. Barraclough describes archaeological finds deep within the cave, including a stone wall and a boat-shaped structure filled with burnt offerings like bones and jasper. She posits these were sacrifices to appease a ...
11m Jan 05
11m
S8 Ep279: THE FIRE GIANT'S CAVE AND RITUAL OFFERINGS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The discussion descends into Surtshellir, a massive lava cave in Iceland associated with the fire giant Surt. Barraclough describes archaeological finds deep within the cave, includ
THE FIRE GIANT'S CAVE AND RITUAL OFFERINGS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The discussion descends into Surtshellir, a massive lava cave in Iceland associated with the fire giant Surt. Barraclough describes archaeological finds deep within the cave, including a stone wall and a boat-shaped structure filled with burnt offerings like bones and jasper. She posits these were sacrifices to appease a ...
9m Jan 05
9m
S8 Ep279: MYTHOLOGY AND THE MURDER OF SNORRI Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough discusses the difficulty of accessing Norse beliefs, as most sources, like Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda, were written post-conversion. She outlines dramatic myths, including th
MYTHOLOGY AND THE MURDER OF SNORRI Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough discusses the difficulty of accessing Norse beliefs, as most sources, like Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda, were written post-conversion. She outlines dramatic myths, including the creation of the world from the giant Ymir and its destruction at Ragnarok, featuring a ship made from the fingernails of the dead. The segme...
9m Jan 05
9m
S8 Ep279: ELIQUARIES, MARRIAGE, AND AMULETS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough explains how religious reliquaries looted from monasteries were often repurposed as jewelry for women in Norway. She discusses the theory that female infanticide may have caused
ELIQUARIES, MARRIAGE, AND AMULETS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough explains how religious reliquaries looted from monasteries were often repurposed as jewelry for women in Norway. She discusses the theory that female infanticide may have caused a shortage of women, motivating young men to raid for wealth to secure marriage. The conversation then examines a human skull fragment from Ri...
8m Jan 05
8m
S8 Ep279: ASSIMILATION AND THE SALME SHIP MYSTERY Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough highlights how the Norse assimilated into Eastern cultures, adopting Slavic names and gods within generations. The focus then turns to a major mystery: the Salme ship buria
ASSIMILATION AND THE SALME SHIP MYSTERY Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. Barraclough highlights how the Norse assimilated into Eastern cultures, adopting Slavic names and gods within generations. The focus then turns to a major mystery: the Salme ship burials in Estonia, discovered in 2013. These burials, dated to around 750 AD, predate the Lindisfarne raid and contain warriors buried with high h...
12m Jan 05
12m
S8 Ep279: CONQUEST, THE DANELAW, AND THE EASTERN RUS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The conversation shifts from raiding to conquest, detailing the arrival of the "Great Heathen Army" in England around 865. Barraclough explains that this force was likely comprised
CONQUEST, THE DANELAW, AND THE EASTERN RUS Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. The conversation shifts from raiding to conquest, detailing the arrival of the "Great Heathen Army" in England around 865. Barracloughexplains that this force was likely comprised of smaller mobile warbands that eventually reached a stalemate with King Alfred, leading to the creation of the Danelaw and lasting linguistic ...
7m Jan 05
7m
S8 Ep279: RUNES, TAVERN MESSAGES, AND HIDDEN HISTORIES Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. John Batchelor interviews Eleanor Barraclough about her book, Embers of the Hands: Hidden Histories of the Viking Age. They discuss a specific runic inscription from roughly 1200
RUNES, TAVERN MESSAGES, AND HIDDEN HISTORIES Colleague Eleanor Barraclough. John Batchelorinterviews Eleanor Barraclough about her book, Embers of the Hands: Hidden Histories of the Viking Age. They discuss a specific runic inscription from roughly 1200 AD found on a piece of wood in a tavern in Bergen, Norway. The message is from a woman named Gyda telling her husband to come home, to which he...
11m Jan 05
11m
S8 Ep278: RAVENS BEFRIEND DALLAS AND DISPLACE THE COCKATOOS Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis updates the backyard wildlife saga, noting the arrival of intelligent Ravens that have befriended his dog, Dallas. Unlike the aggressive Cockatoos that damaged a neighbor's ro
RAVENS BEFRIEND DALLAS AND DISPLACE THE COCKATOOS Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis updates the backyard wildlife saga, noting the arrival of intelligent Ravens that have befriended his dog, Dallas. Unlike the aggressive Cockatoos that damaged a neighbor's roof, the Ravens displayed strategic dominance by organizedly displacing the Cockatoos from a pine tree. Zakis describes the Ravens' "surgical" ...
11m Jan 04
11m
S8 Ep278: THE FINAL ASHES TEST IN SYDNEY AND THE FUTURE OF TEST CRICKET Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Jeremy Zakis discusses the final Ashes test in Sydney, noting that heavy storms threaten to wash out the match, potentially handing England a "moral victory" if they per
THE FINAL ASHES TEST IN SYDNEY AND THE FUTURE OF TEST CRICKET Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Jeremy Zakis discusses the final Ashes test in Sydney, noting that heavy storms threaten to wash out the match, potentially handing England a "moral victory" if they perform well before the rain hits. He observes that Englandsurprised him by employing a hybrid strategy—mixing conservative play with their aggre...
8m Jan 04
8m
S8 Ep278: EASTERN BROWN SNAKE ATTACKS AND CRITICAL FIRST AID Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis details two recent attacks by venomous Eastern Brown snakes seeking shelter from the heat. He describes an incident in Morton National Park where a hiker stepped on a snake t
EASTERN BROWN SNAKE ATTACKS AND CRITICAL FIRST AID Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis details two recent attacks by venomous Eastern Brown snakes seeking shelter from the heat. He describes an incident in Morton National Park where a hiker stepped on a snake that subsequently lunged and bit his wife, requiring a helicopter rescue. A second incident involved a professional snake catcher bitten at hom...
14m Jan 04
14m
S8 Ep278: AUSTRALIA'S EXTREME HEATWAVE AND THE SOLAR PANEL REVOLUTION Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis reports on Australia's extreme weather, describing a heatwave moving east with temperatures exceeding 110°F, exacerbated by winds acting like a "fan-forced oven." He
AUSTRALIA'S EXTREME HEATWAVE AND THE SOLAR PANEL REVOLUTION Colleague Jeremy Zakis. Zakis reports on Australia's extreme weather, describing a heatwave moving east with temperatures exceeding 110°F, exacerbated by winds acting like a "fan-forced oven." He warns that recent rains fueled vegetation growth that will quickly dry into kindling, creating a "tinderbox" risk for wildfires within a week...
8m Jan 04
8m
S8 Ep277: JEFFERSON'S DEFENSE OF AMERICA AND THE MCGUFFEY READER Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Thomas Jefferson discovered Logan's Lament in 1774 and later used it in his Notes on the State of Virginia to refute French claims that everything in America w
JEFFERSON'S DEFENSE OF AMERICA AND THE MCGUFFEY READER Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Thomas Jefferson discovered Logan's Lament in 1774 and later used it in his Notes on the State of Virginia to refute French claims that everything in America was "degenerate." Jefferson presented Logan as proof of Native American intellectual equality, effectively cementing the story of Cresap's guil...
10m Jan 04
10m
S8 Ep277: JEFFERSON'S DEFENSE OF AMERICA AND THE MCGUFFEY READER Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Thomas Jefferson discovered Logan's Lament in 1774 and later used it in his Notes on the State of Virginia to refute French claims that everything in America w
JEFFERSON'S DEFENSE OF AMERICA AND THE MCGUFFEY READER Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Thomas Jefferson discovered Logan's Lament in 1774 and later used it in his Notes on the State of Virginia to refute French claims that everything in America was "degenerate." Jefferson presented Logan as proof of Native American intellectual equality, effectively cementing the story of Cresap's guil...
10m Jan 04
10m
S8 Ep277: THE MURDER OF LOGAN AND THE PERSISTENCE OF VIOLENCE Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Twenty years after the lament, a surveyor encountered a weeping Native man in the woods who revealed he was Logan's nephew. The nephew confessed to killing his un
THE MURDER OF LOGAN AND THE PERSISTENCE OF VIOLENCE Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Twenty years after the lament, a surveyor encountered a weeping Native man in the woods who revealed he was Logan's nephew. The nephew confessed to killing his uncle near Lake Erie around 1780. Logan had become a "dangerous" free agent and powerful orator whose influence threatened the political stabili...
6m Jan 04
6m
S8 Ep277: THE DEATH OF A RANGER AND THE CREATION OF A HERO Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Michael Cresap marched his riflemen from the frontier to Boston in 1775, where the press hailed them as "secret weapons" against the British. However, these troops p
THE DEATH OF A RANGER AND THE CREATION OF A HERO Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Michael Cresap marched his riflemen from the frontier to Boston in 1775, where the press hailed them as "secret weapons" against the British. However, these troops proved undisciplined, and Washington privately wished they had not come. Suffering likely from malaria, Cresap fell ill and died in a New York ...
11m Jan 04
11m
S8 Ep277: REVENGE, REVOLUTION, AND THE BIRTH OF A PATRIOT Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. In 1774, a grief-stricken Logan launched a brutal revenge campaign, killing nearly 20 people to "glut his vengeance." This violence occurred as the Continental Congre
REVENGE, REVOLUTION, AND THE BIRTH OF A PATRIOT Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. In 1774, a grief-stricken Logan launched a brutal revenge campaign, killing nearly 20 people to "glut his vengeance." This violence occurred as the Continental Congress began forming an army, calling for rifle companies from the frontier. Ironically, Michael Cresap, the man Logan blamed for the murders, was...
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep277: THE MASSACRE AT YELLOW CREEK AND THE POWER VACUUM Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Following the British withdrawal from Fort Pitt, a power vacuum triggered a border civil war and increased tension with Native peoples. On April 30, 1774, Logan's f
THE MASSACRE AT YELLOW CREEK AND THE POWER VACUUM Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. Following the British withdrawal from Fort Pitt, a power vacuum triggered a border civil war and increased tension with Native peoples. On April 30, 1774, Logan's family—including his mother, brother, and sister—were lured into a tavern at Baker's Bottom on the Ohio River under the guise of diplomacy. Whi...
12m Jan 04
12m
S8 Ep277: HEART OF DARKNESS AND THE OHIO COMPANY LAND GRAB Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. The book's title draws on Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness to describe the bewilderment and horror inherent in the 18th-century American backcountry. In 1754, GeorR
HEART OF DARKNESS AND THE OHIO COMPANY LAND GRAB Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. The book's title draws on Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness to describe the bewilderment and horror inherent in the 18th-century American backcountry. In 1754, George Washington retreated through Oldtown, Maryland, the home of the Cresap family, following a failed expedition against the French. Washington ...
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep277: THE ORIGINS OF A FRONTIER FEUD AND LOGAN'S LAMENT Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. In February 1775, the Pennsylvania Journal published a famous document known as Logan's Lament. This speech, delivered by the Mingo leader James Logan Shikellamy, a
THE ORIGINS OF A FRONTIER FEUD AND LOGAN'S LAMENT Colleague Professor Robert G. Parkinson. In February 1775, the Pennsylvania Journal published a famous document known as Logan's Lament. This speech, delivered by the Mingo leader James Logan Shikellamy, accuses Colonel Cresap of the cold-blooded murder of his family relations. However, this accusation contained significant errors: Logan misiden...
10m Jan 04
10m
S8 Ep276: FORGERIES, THE MAINE PENNY, AND ALT-RIGHT APPROPRIATION Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock dismisses American rune stones like the Kensington Stone as 19th-century forgeries made to claim land rights, though he accepts the "Maine Penny" as genuine eviden
FORGERIES, THE MAINE PENNY, AND ALT-RIGHT APPROPRIATION Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock dismisses American rune stones like the Kensington Stone as 19th-century forgeries made to claim land rights, though he accepts the "Maine Penny" as genuine evidence of trade. He concludes by warning against the modern "alt-right" appropriating Viking history to justify racial prejudice and white suprema...
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep276: L'ANSE AUX MEADOWS AND THE SAGA OF FREYDIS Colleague Martyn Whittock. The guest identifies L'Anse aux Meadows as a temporary base camp for exploration rather than a permanent settlement, scientifically dated to 1021 AD. He describes complex, often violent
L'ANSE AUX MEADOWS AND THE SAGA OF FREYDIS Colleague Martyn Whittock. The guest identifies L'Anse aux Meadows as a temporary base camp for exploration rather than a permanent settlement, scientifically dated to 1021 AD. He describes complex, often violent interactions with indigenous peoples, highlighting the saga account of Freydis, Eric the Red's daughter, who committed murders to secure her ...
13m Jan 04
13m
S8 Ep276: LEIF ERIKSON AND THE DISCOVERY OF VINLAND Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock details how Norse explorers like Leif Erikson moved west from Greenland, discovering Helluland, Markland, and Vinland around 1000 AD. Citing sagas, he argues that while physical
LEIF ERIKSON AND THE DISCOVERY OF VINLAND Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock details how Norseexplorers like Leif Erikson moved west from Greenland, discovering Helluland, Markland, and Vinland around 1000 AD. Citing sagas, he argues that while physical evidence stops at Newfoundland, descriptions of wild grapes suggest they reached further south, potentially to New Brunswick or Maine. NUMBER 2
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep276: VIKING AS ACTIVITY: THE NORSE EXPANSION WESTWARD Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock defines "Viking" as an activity of enterprise and raiding, not just an ethnicity. He explains that disruptions in the Islamic silver trade and population growth drove Nor
 VIKING AS ACTIVITY: THE NORSE EXPANSION WESTWARD Colleague Martyn Whittock. Whittock defines "Viking" as an activity of enterprise and raiding, not just an ethnicity. He explains that disruptions in the Islamic silver trade and population growth drove Norse expansion westward. This movement eventually reached the British Isles, Iceland, and Greenland, setting the stage for voyages to North Ame...
11m Jan 04
11m
S8 Ep268: XI ZHONGXUN'S DEATH AND XI JINPING'S PHOBIA OF CHAOS Colleague Joseph Torigian. This final segment covers Xi Zhongxun's death and Xi Jinping's admiration for his father's unwavering faith in the party despite persecution. Torigian analyzes a conversation
XI ZHONGXUN'S DEATH AND XI JINPING'S PHOBIA OF CHAOS Colleague Joseph Torigian. This final segment covers Xi Zhongxun's death and Xi Jinping's admiration for his father's unwavering faith in the party despite persecution. Torigian analyzes a conversation where Xi told Shinzo Abe he might have joined American political parties if born there, suggesting he is a realist nationalist. Ultimately, Xi...
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep275: DEFOE THE MASTER SPY AND AVERY THE STRATEGIST Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. The group discusses the irony of Defoe and Avery attending a play about Avery's life, which Defoe secretly wrote under a pseudonym. Kingsley emphasizes
 DEFOE THE MASTER SPY AND AVERY THE STRATEGIST Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. The group discusses the irony of Defoe and Avery attending a play about Avery's life, which Defoe secretly wrote under a pseudonym. Kingsley emphasizes Defoe's role as a master spy using multiple aliases. They conclude that Avery was a strategist who defied the simple "swashbuckling" pirate s...
6m Jan 04
6m
S8 Ep275: SECRET AGENTS IN FALMOUTH: ESPIONAGE AND UNDECIPHERED CODES Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. By 1700, Defoe and Avery work as secret agents in Falmouth, influencing elections and intercepting mail for the Crown. Kingsley explains t
SECRET AGENTS IN FALMOUTH: ESPIONAGE AND UNDECIPHERED CODES Colleagues Sean Kingsleyand Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. By 1700, Defoe and Avery work as secret agents in Falmouth, influencing elections and intercepting mail for the Crown. Kingsley explains that Defoe later employed Avery as his enforcer while manipulating public opinion in Scotland. The segment also discusses an undeciphered code f...
14m Jan 04
14m
S8 Ep275: DANIEL DEFOE ENCOUNTERS THE GENTLEMAN PIRATE Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. The conversation shifts to Daniel Defoe, a debt-ridden merchant and dissenter seeking financial redemption. Defoe encounters Avery in disguise, who is fl
 DANIEL DEFOE ENCOUNTERS THE GENTLEMAN PIRATE Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. The conversation shifts to Daniel Defoe, a debt-ridden merchant and dissenter seeking financial redemption. Defoe encounters Avery in disguise, who is fleeing a manhunt but evolving into a political operative. Cowan describes Avery as a "gentleman pirate" whose intelligence allowed him to surv...
8m Jan 04
8m
S8 Ep275: HENRY AVERY: THE COMPLICATED GENIUS WHO SPARKED THE GOLDEN AGE OF PIRACY Colleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. Host John Batchelor introduces the authors of The Pirate King to discuss Henry Avery, a "complicated genius" who raided a Mug
HENRY AVERY: THE COMPLICATED GENIUS WHO SPARKED THE GOLDEN AGE OF PIRACYColleagues Sean Kingsley and Rex Cowan, The Pirate King. Host John Batchelor introduces the authors of The Pirate King to discuss Henry Avery, a "complicated genius" who raided a Mughal treasure ship in 1695. While this heist sparked the Golden Age of Piracy, the authors reveal that Avery did not merely vanish but entered a...
9m Jan 04
9m
S8 Ep274: PICKETT'S CHARGE AND THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. McCausland details Lee's risky decision to attack the Union center, contrasting it with Meade's data-driven defense. Despite the failure of Pickett's Charge, unit cohesion drov
 PICKETT'S CHARGE AND THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. McCauslanddetails Lee's risky decision to attack the Union center, contrasting it with Meade's data-driven defense. Despite the failure of Pickett's Charge, unit cohesion drove the soldiers forward. Finally, Lincoln's Gettysburg Address utilized the victory to expand the war's purpose toward a "new birth of freedom....
9m Jan 04
9m
S8 Ep274: DAY TWO: LONGSTREET'S ADVICE AND LITTLE ROUND TOP Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. On day two, Lee rejected Longstreet's advice to maneuver, leading to delayed Confederate attacks. Conversely, Union Colonel Strong Vincent displayed initiative by disobey
DAY TWO: LONGSTREET'S ADVICE AND LITTLE ROUND TOP Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. On day two, Lee rejected Longstreet's advice to maneuver, leading to delayed Confederate attacks. Conversely, Union Colonel Strong Vincent displayed initiative by disobeying orders to successfully secure Little Round Top. Unlike Lee, UnionGeneral George Meade utilized a council of war to build consensus for rem...
12m Jan 04
12m
S8 Ep274: REYNOLDS' DEATH AND LEE'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. McCausland analyzes General John Reynolds' death while leading forward elements, highlighting frontline leadership risks. He explains Robert E. Lee's strategic goal was winnin
REYNOLDS' DEATH AND LEE'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. McCauslandanalyzes General John Reynolds' death while leading forward elements, highlighting frontline leadership risks. He explains Robert E. Lee's strategic goal was winning the war through decisive victory. Additionally, Lee's discretionary orders to new commander Richard Ewell resulted in a missed opportunity to...
10m Jan 04
10m
S8 Ep274: GENERAL BUFORD'S CRUCIAL DECISIONS ON JULY 1ST Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. Colonel Jeff McCausland discusses Union General John Buford's crucial decisions on July 1st. Buford identified key ridge terrain and chose to delay superior Confederate infa
GENERAL BUFORD'S CRUCIAL DECISIONS ON JULY 1ST Colleague Colonel Jeff McCausland. Colonel Jeff McCausland discusses Union General John Buford's crucial decisions on July 1st. Buford identified key ridge terrain and chose to delay superior Confederate infantry using dismounted cavalry. By trading space for time, Buford screened the arriving Union army and secured advantageous ground for the comi...
9m Jan 04
9m
S8 Ep273: THE RETREAT FROM WOKE CAPITALISM AND RETURN TO THE BOTTOM LINE Colleague Charles Gasparino. Gasparino describes a current retreat from "woke capitalism" as firms like BlackRock and Goldman Sachs face financial losses and consumer pushback. Citing Home Dep
 THE RETREAT FROM WOKE CAPITALISM AND RETURN TO THE BOTTOM LINE Colleague Charles Gasparino. Gasparino describes a current retreat from "woke capitalism" as firms like BlackRock and Goldman Sachsface financial losses and consumer pushback. Citing Home Depot co-founder Bernie Marcus, he concludes that prioritizing political activism over shareholder returns is counterproductive, asserting that b...
6m Jan 04
6m
S8 Ep273: DISNEY'S POLITICAL MISSTEPS AND ESPN'S IDEOLOGICAL SHIFT Colleague Charles Gasparino. Focusing on Disney, Gasparino details how CEOs Bob Iger and Bob Chapek mishandled political conflicts with Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, damaging the company's finances
DISNEY'S POLITICAL MISSTEPS AND ESPN'S IDEOLOGICAL SHIFT Colleague Charles Gasparino. Focusing on Disney, Gasparino details how CEOs Bob Iger and Bob Chapek mishandled political conflicts with Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, damaging the company's finances. He also discusses ESPN's political shift, highlighting the departure of Sage Steele, who faced backlash for expressing views contrary to the...
13m Jan 04
13m
S8 Ep273: CORPORATE GROUPTHINK AND THE SEC'S PROGRESSIVE SHIFT Colleague Charles Gasparino. Gasparino argues that corporate adoption of progressive policies was a defensive reaction to populism like Occupy Wall Street and fostered by "groupthink" at elite summits l
CORPORATE GROUPTHINK AND THE SEC'S PROGRESSIVE SHIFT Colleague Charles Gasparino. Gasparino argues that corporate adoption of progressive policies was a defensive reaction to populism like Occupy Wall Street and fostered by "groupthink" at elite summits like Davos. He further contends that the SEC has shifted from investor protection to enforcing "woke" environmental and social agendas under th...
7m Jan 04
7m
S8 Ep273: THE ORIGINS OF CORPORATE RADICALIZATION AND STAKEHOLDER CAPITALISM Colleague Charles Gasparino, Fox Business correspondent and author of Go Woke, Go Broke. Gasparino discusses his book Go Woke, Go Broke, tracing the origins of corporate radicalization to
THE ORIGINS OF CORPORATE RADICALIZATION AND STAKEHOLDER CAPITALISM Colleague Charles Gasparino, Fox Business correspondent and author of Go Woke, Go Broke. Gasparino discusses his book Go Woke, Go Broke, tracing the origins of corporate radicalization to the 2008 financial crisis and the rise of ESG and DEIinitiatives. He explains how asset managers like BlackRock's Larry Fink embraced "stakeho...
11m Jan 04
11m
S8 Ep272: THE FATAL 1930 LAUNCH AND INEVITABLE TRAGEDY Colleague S.C. Gwynne. Gwynne argues that the fatal 1930 launch was rushed so Thompson could arrive in India as the new Viceroy and return for an imperial conference. Despite warnings about the rotting cover an
THE FATAL 1930 LAUNCH AND INEVITABLE TRAGEDY Colleague S.C. Gwynne. Gwynne argues that the fatal 1930 launch was rushed so Thompson could arrive in India as the new Viceroy and return for an imperial conference. Despite warnings about the rotting cover and storms, the ship flew too low, leading to a tragedy Gwynne characterizes as inevitable. NUMBER 4
6m Jan 03
6m