<turbo-stream action="append" target="audio_clips_list"><template>
    <hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8165844-the-spd"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #b41210; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39676253/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep99: The SPD 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
The Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands finally got its chance at power again in the late 90s — historian Jeremy Black joins Critic deputy editor Graham Stewart to discuss the rise and fall of Gerhard Schröder&#39;s government.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1664443687" data-format="short_date">Sep 29, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8163054-the-fall-of-east-germany"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #030408; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39655498/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep98: The fall of East Germany 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Professor Jeremy Black joins the Critic&#39;s deputy editor Graham Stewart to discuss why the fall of East Germany was far from inevitable.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1664042776" data-format="short_date">Sep 24, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8157443-the-queen-s-place-in-history"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #b1afac; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39625732/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep97: The Queen&#39;s place in history
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this Critic podcast recorded whilst Britain and the Commonwealth prepare for the funeral of Queen Elizabeth II, the historian, Professor Jeremy Black, talks with The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the Queen&#39;s place in British history.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1663158401" data-format="short_date">Sep 14, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8154098-east-germany-the-illusion-of-communist-prosperity"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #949699; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39608064/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep96: East Germany — the illusion of Communist prosperity 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the smoke and mirrors that obscured the reality of a failing East Germany.

(Photo shows East Berliners rioting against Soviet occupation, 1953.)
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
39m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1662643542" data-format="short_date">Sep 08, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
39m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8149904-how-west-germany-rode-the-storm"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #070707; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39584112/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep95: How West Germany rode the storm
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
How exceptional was West Germany&#39;s politics and prosperity in the 1950s and 1960s compared to other western European countries and what became of its Far Right? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black discusses German exceptionalism with The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart.

Photo shows a newsstand in West Berlin&#39;s Kurfuerstendamm during night time, 1955. (Photo b...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1662025768" data-format="short_date">Sep 01, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8145335-dividing-germany"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #b5b7ba; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39560766/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep94: Dividing Germany
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Were there realistic alternatives to dividing post-war Germany along ideological lines and were West German politics an Anglo-American creation or the response of Germans to the circumstances in which they found themselves? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, talks to Professor Jeremy Black about the emergence of rival Germanys.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1661403600" data-format="short_date">Aug 25, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8141537-hitler-s-war-within-germany"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #989991; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39538541/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep93: Hitler&#39;s war — within Germany
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black continues his series on German history and talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about Germany&#39;s home front during the Second World War and what ordinary Germans knew about Jewish persecution and the Holocaust.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1660816240" data-format="short_date">Aug 18, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8136994-nazi-foreign-policy-did-hitler-know-what-he-was-doing"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #bababa; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39515624/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep92: Nazi foreign policy — did Hitler know what he was doing?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how Nazi foreign policy differed from the traditional objectives of German nationalism.

(Photo credit: AFP via Getty Images)
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1660207723" data-format="short_date">Aug 11, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8132580-how-hitler-became-unassailable"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a2a2a2; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39491531/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep91: How Hitler became unassailable
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Continuing the series on German history, in this episode of Black&#39;s History Week Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how Hitler entrenched his power across all aspects of German life in the 1930s.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1659592800" data-format="short_date">Aug 04, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8128418-how-hitler-won"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a0a0a0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39465452/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep90: How Hitler won
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Did the Nazis win power in 1933 because of the popular appeal of their message or through the divisions and miscalculations of their opponents? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how the Nazis won with only a third of the vote.

Picture: Adolf Hitler is welcomed by supp...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1658988000" data-format="short_date">Jul 28, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8124732-the-weimar-republic"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #cd931e; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39445016/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep89: The Weimar Republic
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the Weimar Republic and whether its collapse blinds us to its achievements.

Picture: DDP poster for the Reichstag elections. May, 1928. &quot;Clean up the Reich! Vote German Democrat!&quot; Germany. (Photo by: PHAS/Universal Images Group via Ge...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1658395651" data-format="short_date">Jul 21, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8120112-germany-during-the-great-war"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2d2d2d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39421275/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep88: Germany during the Great War
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
How was Germany governed during the pressures of the First World War and what caused the shortages that delivered so much hardship to its civilians? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about wartime in the Kaiser&#39;s Reich.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1657778400" data-format="short_date">Jul 14, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8116134-kaiser-wilhelm-s-reich"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2a2a2a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39399227/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep87: Kaiser Wilhelm&#39;s Reich
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
How democratic was Germany in the prelude to the First World War and what were the tensions in politics and society that ensured so much trust was placed in militarism? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart about Kaiser Wilhelm II, his chancellors and the mood of a modernising country racing towards catastrophe.

Pict...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1657173600" data-format="short_date">Jul 07, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8111683-the-unification-of-germany"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #ec9b59; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39376388/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep86: The unification of Germany
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of a A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the path of German unification, from the failed revolutions of 1848 to the creation of Bismarck&#39;s Reich.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
43m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1656568800" data-format="short_date">Jun 30, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
43m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8108294-germany-in-the-shadow-of-napoleon"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #aba791; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39358379/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep85: Germany in the shadow of Napoleon
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how the wars with revolutionary France and annexations by Napoleon reshaped the German lands.

Photo: &quot;Blucher the Brave Extracting the Groan of Abdication from the Corsican Blood Hound&quot;, April 9, 1814. Artist Thomas Rowlandson. (Photo ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1655982963" data-format="short_date">Jun 23, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8102885-frederick-the-great-and-the-rise-of-prussia"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2c2a18; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39328370/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep84: Frederick the Great and the rise of Prussia
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the role of Prussia in the eighteenth century and whether its ruler, Frederick, really was so great.

Picture: Portrait of Frederick II of Prussia (1712-1786). (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
42m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1655352000" data-format="short_date">Jun 16, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
42m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8098112-germany-in-the-baroque-age"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #22345d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39302753/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep83: Germany in the Baroque Age
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black explains to the The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, how German states that were ravaged by the Thirty Years War recovered to produce the cultural achievements of the Baroque Age.

Picture: A View in Cologne, c. 1660. Found in the collection of the National Gallery, London. (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Ima...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
40m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1654783260" data-format="short_date">Jun 09, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
40m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8093917-the-thirty-years-war"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #75889f; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39278996/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep82: The Thirty Years War
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the origins and course of the Thirty Years War in the German lands.

Picture: &quot;Death of King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden at the Battle of Lützen&quot;, 1855, by Carl Wahlbom (1810-1858)
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
40m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1654142400" data-format="short_date">Jun 02, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
40m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8089758-the-roots-of-germany"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5a1a0a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39254588/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep81: The roots of Germany
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Picture: Germany: &#39;King Rudolf I Marries his Son Rudolf II with Agnes of Bohemia, Daughter of King Ottokar II&#39;, oil on metal painting, 19th century. (Photo by: Pictures from History/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
40m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1653537600" data-format="short_date">May 26, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
40m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8086450-the-german-reformation"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2f2e20; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39235292/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep80: The German Reformation
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this podcast, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of Germany, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the effect that Martin Luther and the Reformation had on the German lands and whether a compromise solution existed but was missed.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
39m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1652946300" data-format="short_date">May 19, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
39m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8081076-the-caribbean-in-the-twentieth-century"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #cfc6bb; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39206152/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep79: The Caribbean in the twentieth century
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this concluding episode of his four part history of the Caribbean, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how the nations of the Caribbean have adapted to modern times.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
28m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1652328000" data-format="short_date">May 12, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
28m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8069875-the-caribbean-after-slavery"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #22291b; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39143805/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep78: The Caribbean after slavery 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of the Caribbean talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the Caribbean in the nineteenth century as it adapts to an economy no longer dependent upon slavery and responds to the growing regional influence of the United States of America.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1650513600" data-format="short_date">Apr 21, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8067063-the-rise-and-fall-of-slavery-in-the-caribbean"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #4a3b27; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39128224/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep77: The rise and fall of slavery in the Caribbean
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of the Caribbean, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the reality of the slave economy created by the Caribbean&#39;s European colonisers as well as the processes that drove its expansion and ultimately its dismantlement.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
48m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1649945264" data-format="short_date">Apr 14, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
48m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8062037-what-drove-the-colonisation-of-the-caribbean"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #d3b488; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39100436/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep76: What drove the colonisation of the Caribbean? 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Brief History of the Caribbean, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about Caribbean society before Columbus and whether the European colonisers were primarily driven by religious, economic or strategic interests.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
48m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1649304000" data-format="short_date">Apr 07, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
48m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8051881-how-modern-wars-end"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a9a9a9; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39045666/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep75: How modern wars end
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Short History of War, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how wars are brought to a conclusion.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
38m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1647925200" data-format="short_date">Mar 22, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
38m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8048415-what-now-for-strategic-priorities"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #29231a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/39027961/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep74: What now for strategic priorities?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black’s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Geopolitics and the Quest for Dominance talks to The Critic’s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about where Russia’s invasion of Ukraine leaves American and European strategic priorities.  
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
34m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1647493200" data-format="short_date">Mar 17, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
34m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8042949-geopolitics-and-the-invasion-of-ukraine"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #afb7c7; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38997318/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep73: Geopolitics and the invasion of Ukraine
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Geopolitics and the Quest for Dominance, sets out the lessons Russia&#39;s invasion of Ukraine has for the study of geopolitics.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
39m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1646651621" data-format="short_date">Mar 07, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
39m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8040446-the-fortified-palace"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #3b2e1d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38983294/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep72: The Fortified Palace 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Forts and also Fortifications and Siegecraft, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the fortified palaces and manor houses of the sixteenth century.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1646283600" data-format="short_date">Mar 03, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8036883-ukraine-and-russia-s-european-empire"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #67502b; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38963793/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep71: Ukraine and Russia&#39;s European Empire
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
What prompted the Tsars to create a Russian Empire that colonised Ukraine, eastern Poland, the Baltic States and other lands in Eastern Europe? Was Moscow seeking greater security or fulfilling a sense of religious mission, or was Russia&#39;s western expansion simply naked nationalism and greed? 

In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black discusses with The Critic&#39;s deputy ed...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1645678920" data-format="short_date">Feb 24, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8032723-the-great-game"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #625c54; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38942292/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep70: The Great Game
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about The Great Game and whether Tsarist Russia&#39;s expansion through Central Asia posed the challenge to India that British soldiers and diplomats feared. 
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
52m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1645074000" data-format="short_date">Feb 17, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
52m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8028365-the-eastern-question-and-the-origins-of-the-great-game"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #1e1b19; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38916148/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep69: The Eastern Question and the origins of the Great Game
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Geopolitics and the Quest for Dominance, explains how calculations over Europe&#39;s balance of power and the Eastern Question set up the conditions for what became the Great Game rivalry between Russia and Britain.
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1644469200" data-format="short_date">Feb 10, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8023618-the-spanish-american-and-russo-japanese-wars"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #b4bfb2; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38890795/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep68: The Spanish-American and Russo-Japanese wars
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the Spanish-American war of 1896 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5, conflicts often interpreted as differentiating rising and declining powers. 
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1643864400" data-format="short_date">Feb 03, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8019595-the-boer-war"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2e2e2e; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38865669/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep67: The Boer War 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, whose books include A Short History of War, talks to the The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about why the British found the Boers so difficult to defeat and whether the conflict in South Africa introduced new means of waging and combatting guerrilla warfare. 
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
41m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1643259600" data-format="short_date">Jan 27, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
41m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8015514-the-scramble-for-africa"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #f7e19a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38843687/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep66: The Scramble for Africa 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Was the “Scramble for Africa” in the late nineteenth century strategically planned or a succession of opportunistic acquisitions? In this edition of Black’s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic’s Deputy Editor Graham Stewart about how the European powers fought over Africa whilst avoiding fighting each other.  
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
40m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1642654800" data-format="short_date">Jan 20, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
40m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/8011543-the-north-american-question"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #5c553a; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38821465/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep65: The North American Question 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
After its victory in the American War of Independence, would the new American Republic assert a &quot;manifest destiny&quot; over all of North America or would much of the continent remain in the hands of the old European powers of Britain, France and Spain? In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Fighting for America, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
45m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1642050000" data-format="short_date">Jan 13, 2022</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
45m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7993205-the-american-civil-war-could-the-south-have-won"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #c8c8c8; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38720218/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
S1 Ep64: The American Civil War - could the South have won?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black explains to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, how the Confederate forces hoped to overcome the superior numbers and resources of the North and assesses whether they stood a realistic chance of winning.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J) and iTunes (h...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
43m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1639026000" data-format="short_date">Dec 09, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
43m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991796-the-indian-mutiny"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #a8a19d; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38711969/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
63: The Indian Mutiny
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the British military presence in India in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and what the Indian mutineers hoped to achieve in 1857 when they rose in rebellion.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J) ...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
50m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1638452598" data-format="short_date">Dec 02, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
50m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991797-the-crimean-war"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #baafa5; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38711977/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
62: The Crimean War
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this episode of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about why Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire found themselves fighting together against Russia in the Crimea.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-cri...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
47m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1637816430" data-format="short_date">Nov 25, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
47m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991798-the-napoleonic-wars"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #636453; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38711988/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
61: The Napoleonic Wars
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, whose books on the period include Waterloo and the forthcoming The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars - Strategies for a World War, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about why and how Europe was engulfed in wars with France between 1792 and 1815.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https:...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1637211647" data-format="short_date">Nov 18, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991799-was-there-a-military-revolution-in-early-modern-europe"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #e0d0cf; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712004/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
60: Was there a military revolution in early modern Europe?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Were warfare and the state&#39;s role in military affairs transformed between 1500 and 1800? In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Short History of War explores and debunks some generalisations about war in early modern Europe.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes (https://podca...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
44m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1635966000" data-format="short_date">Nov 03, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
44m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991800-medieval-warfare"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #8d7764; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712014/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
59: Medieval Warfare
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, whose books include A Short History of War, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about how the feudal system, differing weaponry and firepower and the size of armies shaped medieval warfare.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes (http...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
53m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1635393620" data-format="short_date">Oct 28, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
53m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991801-siege-warfare"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #1e1913; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712011/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
58: Siege warfare
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Siege warfare was the most common form of warfare in medieval Europe. In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Forts and Fortifications and Siegecraft, talks about defending and capturing walled cities and castles with The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPX...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
43m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1634741364" data-format="short_date">Oct 20, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
43m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991802-warfare-in-the-classical-world"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #628db1; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712017/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
57: Warfare in the classical world
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of A Short History of War, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the nature of warfare in Ancient Greece and Rome.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-critic-podcast/id149932960...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
39m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1634128544" data-format="short_date">Oct 13, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
39m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
<hr class="mvn mhs text-black-50 opacity-25">
<div class="card rounded-0 border-0 pas qa-audio-clip-overview" style="--bs-card-bg: transparent;">
<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991803-japan-v-china-the-history-of-a-rivalry"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #ffffff; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712020/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
56: Japan v China - the history of a rivalry
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this week&#39;s Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the centuries’ old military rivalry between China and Japan.

Image by Getty.

Music: Radetzky March by Human Symphony Orchestra (premiumbeat.com)

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</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
<span class="numeric-tabular d-sm-none">
42m
</span>
<span class="d-sm-none">
&bull;
</span>
<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1633575600" data-format="short_date">Oct 07, 2021</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-sm-grid" style="justify-self: center; align-items: center;">
<div class="fs-8 numeric-tabular text-nowrap text-muted phs">
42m
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></div>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991804-does-aukus-change-australia-s-role-in-the-pacific"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #0b162e; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712023/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
55: Does AUKUS change Australia&#39;s role in the Pacific? 
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Australia&#39;s military capacity to check Chinese influence is being boosted by a new Anglo-American submarine contract and the establishment of the AUKUS defence pact. But how have Australia&#39;s interests been defended until now in the south-west Pacific and what difference will AUKUS make?  

In this week&#39;s Black&#39;s History Week podcast, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, G...
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45m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1632931744" data-format="short_date">Sep 29, 2021</span></span>
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45m
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991805-a-short-history-of-war"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #2b1a16; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712029/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
54: A short history of war
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Is there anything a 21st century military strategist can usefully learn from the tactics of Hannibal or the age of pike, sword and musket? In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black offers The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, a crash course in the history of war.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3...
</div>
<div class="text-muted df align-items-baseline gap-2 fs-8">
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43m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1632338013" data-format="short_date">Sep 22, 2021</span></span>
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43m
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991806-the-long-view-of-britain-s-armed-forces"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #e3dfe0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712035/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
53: The long view of Britain&#39;s armed forces
</h5>
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Concluding the Black&#39;s History Week series on the deployments of the British armed forces between Waterloo and the fall of Kabul, in this podcast Professor Jeremy Black talks The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the themes, breaks, and continuities that have shaped the British military over the last two hundred years.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://op...
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48m
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1631719523" data-format="short_date">Sep 15, 2021</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991807-where-does-american-strategy-go-from-here"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
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<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #7288b6; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712032/1400x1400/c" />
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<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
52: Where does American strategy go from here?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, the author of Military Strategy: A Global History, Professor Jeremy Black, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the strategic options for American defence policy in the aftermath of the withdrawal from Afghanistan.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1631112657" data-format="short_date">Sep 08, 2021</span></span>
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991808-what-now-for-britain-s-armed-forces"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #161b22; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712048/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
51: What now for Britain&#39;s armed forces?
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
Continuing the series of Black&#39;s History Week podcasts on British military deployments, Professor Jeremy Black talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the future role of Britain&#39;s armed forces and whether the departure from Kabul marks the end of foreign nation-building operations.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB...
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<a class="text-decoration-none" href="/posts/7991809-britain-s-military-performance-in-iraq-and-afghanistan"><div class="Episode-list-grid card-body pan">
<div class="l-flex align-items-baseline gap-2 gap-md-3">
<img srcset="https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/75x75/c 75w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/150x150/c 150w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/300x300/c 300w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/600x600/c 600w, https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/1400x1400/c 1400w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 64px, 96px" style="background-color: #d4d3d0; max-width: 96px; width: 15cqw;" class="js-img-bg ratio-square rounded-1" loading="lazy" src="https://audioboom.com/i/38712054/1400x1400/c" />
<div class="vstack gap-1 my-auto">
<h5 class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-h fs-6 fs-5-lg fw-normal mb-0">
50: Britain&#39;s military performance in Iraq and Afghanistan
</h5>
<div class="text-line-clamp text-line-clamp-3 balanced-p fs-8 text-muted text-break">
In this edition of Black&#39;s History Week, Professor Jeremy Black, author of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency, talks to The Critic&#39;s deputy editor, Graham Stewart, about the performance of British forces in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Don’t forget to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/4rPIgCi7DsB19KPXE2mI3J)  and iTunes (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-critic-...
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<span><span class="js-time" data-epochtime="1629298949" data-format="short_date">Aug 18, 2021</span></span>
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