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Carl Jung, together with Sigmund Freud and
Alfred Adler, is one of the 3 founders of

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psychoanalysis which is a set of psychological
theories and methods aiming to release repressed

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emotions and experiences - in other words,
to make the unconscious conscious.

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Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875 and died
in 1961, leaving behind great works in the

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fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology,
literature, philosophy, psychology and religious

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studies.

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Jung had Freud as a mentor for a good part
of his career but later he departed from him.

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This division was painful for Jung and it
led him to found his own school of psychology,

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called analytical psychology as a comprehensive
system separate from psychoanalysis.

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If classical psychoanalysis focuses on the
patient’s past, as early experiences are

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very important in personality development,
analytical psychology primarily focuses on

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the present, on mythology, folklore, and cultural
experiences, to try to understand human consciousness.

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One of the most important ideas of analytical
psychology which Jung founded is the process

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of individuation, which is the process of
finding the self - something Jung considered

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an important task in human development.

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While he did not formulate a systematic philosophy,
he is nonetheless considered a sophisticated

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philosopher - his school of thought dubbed
“Jungian philosophy”.

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Its concepts can apply to many topics covered
in the humanities and the social sciences.

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A good part of his work was published after
his death and indeed there are still some

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articles written by him that to this day have
yet to be published.

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Some of his most important books are: “Psychology
of the Unconscious”, “Man and His Symbols”,

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“The Archetypes and The Collective Unconscious”,
“Modern Man In Search of a Soul”, “The

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Psychology of the Transference”, “Memories,
Dreams, Thoughts”, and “The Relations

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Between the Ego and the Unconscious.”

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Besides being a great writer and a researcher,
he was also an artist, a craftsman and even

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a builder.

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His contribution is enormous and there is
a great deal we can learn from his works,

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which is why in this video we bring you 9
lessons you can learn from the philosophy

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of Carl Jung.

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1) Look inside yourself first
Jung said: “Who looks outside, dreams; who

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looks inside, awakens.”

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If Freud was inclined towards the empirical
side of the science of psychology, Jung was

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seen by many as a mystic, being very much
interested in philosophy and spiritual subjects,

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although he preferred to be seen as a scientist.

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Jung’s work on himself and on his patients
made him realize that life has not only a

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material purpose, but a spiritual one as well.

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By turning their eyes into themselves, not
towards the external world, people can awaken,

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they can find their meaning in life, can get
in touch with their personal story, with their

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personal belief systems.

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All too often we are overly concerned with
what’s happening around us, in society,

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and with how other people perceive us.

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In other words, we are too concerned with
our persona, which is a false self we present

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to society.

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To get in touch with who we truly are, we
need to look inside.

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By looking inside, we can better understand
who we are, better know our personal myth,

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our personal belief system and we can understand
who we want to become, and this will help

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us have a direction, a sense in life.

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If we don’t look closely inside our heart,
our lives would seem like a dream, but someone

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else’s dream, in which we just follow a
group, be it our family, our friends or the

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colleagues at work.

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We do as everyone does.

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Looking inside is a process of self-exploration,
is the foundation of our true self.

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To look inside, we need to spend more time
alone, meditating, analyzing our desires and

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dreams, making lists of them and of our skills
and our talents and figure out what would

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be the most logical path to take in life based
on what desires and resources we have.

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Doing this regularly, we can find the right
compass to guide us throughout our lives.

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2) Integrate your contraries
According to Jung: “Wholeness is not achieved

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by cutting off a portion of one’s being,
but by integration of the contraries.”

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Jung is famous for exploring the concepts
of anima and animus in psychology.

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According to his work, they represent the
contrasexual aspects of a person's psyche.

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Jung believed that if you are a woman, you
have an inner personal masculine psyche - or

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animus - within you and, if you are a man,
you have an inner personal feminine psyche

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- or anima - within you.

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While our understanding of gender in the way
Jung expressed it has changed radically in

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the decades since he developed his theories,
the principle of a duality of personality

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can still be a useful way of understanding
and working with our own, holistic psyche.

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The main consequence of having our psyche
divided into two different parts, our external

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gender identity, and a subconscious one - the
contrasexual part, be that anima or animus,

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is that many of us tend to neglect the subconscious
one, repressing it and sometimes that can

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come back to hurt us.

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To avoid this conflict, it is important to
not only recognize this hidden part, but to

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accept it.

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When we have the two sides in harmony, our
attitude and interactions with the opposite

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sex tend to be more positive.

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We can try to observe our own behavior when
dealing with others, we can take notes and

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analyze the progress we make in the journey.

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Generally speaking, in the case of a woman
who wants to integrate her animus, she should

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strive to be more focused, to follow her goals
and do everything to achieve them, without

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sacrificing her femininity, and in the case
of a man, he should start trusting his emotional

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side more, to open up more in front of other
people and to be more gentle in dealing with

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others, without sacrificing his masculinity.Through
this integration, our interactions with the

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opposite sex will improve.

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We can measure our progress in various ways,
perhaps we can write every day the way we

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made decisions, the way we interacted with
others and made our voices heard.

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Balancing our identity with our shadow - our
anima or animus is the key in achieving wholeness

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and improving the relations with the opposite
sex.

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3) Analyze your dreams
In the words of Jung: “The dream shows the

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inner truth and reality of the patient as
it really is: not as I conjecture it to be,

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and not as he would like it to be, but as
it is..”

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According to Jung, many dreams seem hard to
understand at first, if not impossible, but,

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when we analyze them in detail, they can reveal
the most secretive aspects of our psyche.

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To understand them, to go deep into the complicated
network of our subconscious, we need to break

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a certain resistance.

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And when we succeed in understanding them,
we often are astonished at how such a silly

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dream can reveal the most important and serious
problems from our psyche.

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Dreams speak to us in images and they give
expression to instincts, the most elementary

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entities of our nature.

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Thus, dreams are sparks from the unconscious,
revealing the inner reality of the person,

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they reveal the truth and therefore they are
extremely important in practicing psychotherapy.

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Dreams can be analyzed by each of us, and
not just in a psychotherapeutic context.

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To analyze your dreams, you first need to
write them down immediately after you wake

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up.

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You can place a notebook and a pen near your
pillow so this can be the first thing you

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do in the morning.

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Then, when you have got time during that day,
you can find a quiet place and re-read your

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dream.

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Write down the key words in the text and make
associations between them and your daily life.

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Maybe that cup of tea which appears in the
dream is a present from a friend?

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If so, you might have unfinished business
with that friend.

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After you make these associations, start writing
the interpretation of the dream, connecting

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all the dots.

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Let’s say for example that in your dream
you were going towards the kitchen to find

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that cup of tea, but something happened outside
your house, there was a loud noise and you

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got scared and thought of running back to
the bedroom.

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One interpretation of this simple dream is
that you may need to confront your fear to

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reconnect with that friend.

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Dreams can be much more complex than this
and the more key words you can find in your

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dream, the more associations you can make
and the more complex the interpretation will

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be.

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4) Learn to face reality
To quote Jung: “What you resist, persists.”

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According to Jung, the more you resist anything
in life, the more you bring it to you.

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The more you run away from your fears, the
more life will put you in a position to face

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them.

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In psychology, resistance only amplifies your
problems.

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Happiness, well-being, and psychological health
are related to how we deal with the negative

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aspects of life, not with how we run away
from them.

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Whenever we deny our problems, or fight against
them in an aggressive way, or when we are

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stuck in feelings of hurt, sorrow, anxiety,
or anger, we are resisting dealing with the

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core issue of the problem.

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The more fixated we are in our negative or
depressed attitude, the more we resist solving

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the problem.

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Therefore, we always have to work through
our feelings in order to maintain our psychological

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health.

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The more common forms of resistance are: to
deny what is happening, to minimize the problem,

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to blame other people or situations, and to
try to change other people.

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We often get strongly attached to the feelings
we haven’t resolved or deeply analyzed.

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In order to solve a problem, we need first
to accept that we have that problem.

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Letting go of the struggle, accepting reality
as it is thus is the first step.

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For example, imagine you are struggling to
keep up at work, your relationship with your

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boss is worse than ever and you still have
to pay your mortgage on your house.

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Because deep inside you are terrified of what
would happen if you lost your job, your house,

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maybe even your family if your spouse leaves
you, you might have a tendency to minimize

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the problem, to not let your spouse see just
what the real situation is.

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Meanwhile at work, instead of having an essential
conversation with your boss about the issue

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that bothers them, you might have a tendency
to avoid even being in the break room with

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them.

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The more you resist having that conversation
with them, the more you hide the problem from

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your spouse, the more the bad situation will
persist and the worse the outcome will be.

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5) Be aware of superstitions
Jung teaches us that: “Primitive superstition

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lies just below the surface of even the most
tough-minded individuals.”

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According to Jung, no matter how sharp we
believe we are, we are still influenced by

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common mythology, mainstream religion and
cultural superstitions.

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Jung believed that precisely those people
who think they are immune to such influences

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succumb the easiest to them and therefore,
it is important to acknowledge how vulnerable

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we are to them.

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One of the main concepts which Carl Jung came
to is the concept of collective consciousness,

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which means the consciousness that is common
to all humankind.

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Jung thought that the great aspects of life,
like sexuality, are related to some primordial

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images coming from the collective unconscious.

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In the collective unconscious, these primordial
images were deposited along thousands of years

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and they influence our daily lives.

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Our basic problems are not new, they were
repeated several millions of times by our

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ancestors and their traces can still be found
in our collective unconsciousness today.

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And superstitions are some ways by which humans
tried to face these problems.

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There is no meaning to running away from primitive
superstitions, it is healthier to acknowledge

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them and find a way to integrate them in our
evolved culture, no matter how silly they

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may seem to be.

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One of the best ways to make sure we do not
succumb to primitive superstitions is first

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to stop believing we are immune to them.

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For example, according to Jung, many types
of inexplicable phobias are born from the

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collective unconscious: fear of the dark,
loud sounds, bridges, or blood.

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Even though there are not many snakes in Great
Britain for example, it was found that many

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children have an inexplicable fear of snakes.

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Humans have always been afraid of snakes,
even the biblical myth of Adam and Eve included

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a snake and many superstitions were formed
around them.

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Indeed, scientists considered that there was
an evolutionary advantage given to those who

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avoided dangerous animals like snakes.

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So, instead of ignoring your fear of snakes
and going into their territory without any

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concern, it is much better to listen to your
fear and avoid those areas or at least take

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appropriate precautions.

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It is often advantageous to integrate superstitions
into our lives, but of course not at the expense

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of our faculties of reason.

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Just because there are no snakes in the grass
where you live doesn’t mean you never need

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to wear shoes.

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6) Think, do not judge
As Jung once said: “Thinking is difficult,

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that’s why most people judge.”

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According to Jung, the process of judging
says more about the person who judges than

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about the person who is being judged.

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It is all based on the process of projection.

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What disturbs us in others is what is wrong
within us.

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Thus, knowing how to observe others and how
what they do upsets us can help us understand

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ourselves more and fix our personal issues.

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Also, it is a matter of showing empathy to
not judge other people and it is more moral

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to think before opening your mouth to criticize
someone.

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As the old saying goes, do not judge someone
until you’ve a mile in their shoes.

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There is a fine line between being sincere
and being judgemental.

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Being too honest and not filtering your thoughts
before speaking can lead you to make the mistake

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of reacting too fast, judging people unfairly
because you didn’t go through all the details

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of their lives to understand them first.

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Thus, beware of being too honest, too fast.

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Take your time to really think things through,
analyze a situation from all angles, consider

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other people first before considering their
actions.

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For example, if you have an assistant at work
whose work has become noticeably and unusually

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sloppy in recent weeks.

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Instead of rushing them, criticizing their
mistakes aggressively, have a short conversation

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with them, ask them why they are behaving
like this, whats happened or changed recently

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and how their problem can be solved.

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A simple conversation can save professional
- and personal - relationships.

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7) Avoid excessive pride
Jung tells us: “Through pride we are ever

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deceiving ourselves.

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But deep down below the surface of the average
conscience a still, small voice says to us,

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something is out of tune.”

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According to Jung, we often fear looking inside
ourselves and we fear the hard work we need

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to do for self growth.

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When this fear finds justification in the
social context like in our workspace or in

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front of our friends, then it is easy to get
stuck in a certain behavior pattern to protect

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ourselves against this fear.

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One form of this self protection is pride,
which Jung sees as self deception, preventing

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us from living an authentic life.

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As such, showing pride is oftentimes a sign
of weakness, not of strength.

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Neurosis is often associated with having excessive
pride.

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Neurotic people usually have certain activities
or people they avoid that can hurt their ego

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or pride.

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Sometimes they even avoid a certain career
path due to pride.

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This avoidance happens automatically, without
them even being aware of this tendency.

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For example, in spite of the fact that most
of us love to draw or paint, we don’t dare

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to buy the necessary materials out of fear
we are not now nor can ever be any good at

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it.

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We avoid painting simply because we don’t
want to see at what level our skills are and

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we do not want to hurt our pride.

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We prefer to think we don’t have time to
paint than to see that we are at the very

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beginning level and that we have a great amount
of work to do in order to become an expert.

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Another example may be when we get stuck in
a job out of the fear of starting the job

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hunting process and failing as we might well
find out that we cannot get that dream job

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unless we develop more skills first.

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Pride prevents us from growing in any sector
of life.

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To develop ourselves on all levels means to
be more humble, to dare to face the reality

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that we are not as great as we think and to
start on working on improving ourselves.

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8) Be eager to grow older
Jung wrote: “Life really does begin at forty.

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Up until then, you are just doing research.”

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Carl Jung lived a long life and he enjoyed
a stable family life, a very good financial

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situation, having a successful career and
achieving international fame.

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At the beginning he was an apprentice of Freud
but later, and when he was around 37 years

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old, he departed from him, becoming an independent
focusing on his own school of psychology - analytical

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psychology.

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The moment of the break up with Freud was
when Jung published his work “Psychology

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of the Unconscious”.

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From then, Jung walked on uncharted territory
and all his friends left him, except two colleagues.

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Around the same time, Jung left his medical
post at Burghölzli and he broke up with his

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famous mistress, who was also his research
assistant.

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Thus, there was a lot of turmoil in Jung’s
life, until he reached the age of 40.

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After that, Jung became an independent figure,
following his own path, having his own psychological

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school.

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As Jung could find his way at 40 years old,
so can each of us.

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Until 40 years old, we often walk on a path
opened up by others, we learn from experts

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or mentors and we are afraid to go sideways.

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Around 40, we reach the point when we understand
how short life is and that we should do everything

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it takes to find our own voice, no matter
the cost.

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At 40 years old, we have just lived about
half of our lives and there are still so many

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possibilities ahead.

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At 40, we have learned how to be more comfortable
in our own skin, more confident in our abilities,

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having a good amount of professional experience,
we care less about what others think of us

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and have more courage to make radical changes.

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Therefore, we should focus on learning from
others as much as possible until 40, to try

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to find what the right field is for us and
then, when we reach 40, we should become independent,

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have our own voice and our own established
principles of life.

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9) Tell your story
In our final quote from Jung for this video,

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he said “The reason for evil in the world
is that people are not able to tell their

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stories.”

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As a psychotherapist, Jung understood how
important it is to give space to the patients

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to tell their own story.

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During a confession, there is a process of
transfer, by which the subconscious elements

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of the patient, for example their subconscious
desire to hurt someone is brought to the surface

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of their consciousness.

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Jung called this long-term process of integration
- individuation.

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Individuation can also be performed in a context
outside psychotherapy.

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A simple form of such a process is writing
your story.

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All you need is a pen and a paper, some time
and quietness.

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You could also talk to a close friend or record
yourself telling your story if you find that

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more comfortable.

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Do not write only what has happened to you
physically, but also about what happens in

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your dreams, everything that is in your mind.

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We are not only what has happened to us, but
also the way we interpret the things that

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have happened to us, as well as what we dream
and what we envision for the future.

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Writing down helps you shape your own mythology.

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By shaping our own mythology, we can reach
a state of wholeness, where all our latent

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potential is brought to our consciousness.

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Only then can we live our life with self-awareness.

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If you enjoyed this video, please make sure
to check out our full Philosophies for Life

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playlist and for more videos to help you find
success and happiness using ancient philosophical

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wisdom, don’t forget to subscribe.

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Thanks so much for watching.