WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:09.350 [Music] 00:00:09.360 --> 00:00:13.190 70,000 years ago Homo sapiens stood on 00:00:13.200 --> 00:00:14.589 the edge of 00:00:14.599 --> 00:00:16.750 Extinction they weren't the masters of 00:00:16.760 --> 00:00:18.990 the planet we'd like to imagine no 00:00:19.000 --> 00:00:22.470 cities no Grand plans just scattered 00:00:22.480 --> 00:00:25.589 groups of foragers trying not to die 00:00:25.599 --> 00:00:28.669 forget apex predators these were folks 00:00:28.679 --> 00:00:31.310 clinging to survival huddled around 00:00:31.320 --> 00:00:33.630 campfires that didn't do much to chase 00:00:33.640 --> 00:00:36.910 away the cold or the fear Every Step 00:00:36.920 --> 00:00:39.510 Beyond the tree line wasn't just risky 00:00:39.520 --> 00:00:41.990 it was basically a signup sheet for who 00:00:42.000 --> 00:00:44.590 wants to disappear next because they 00:00:44.600 --> 00:00:47.750 weren't the hunters they were the hunted 00:00:47.760 --> 00:00:50.830 the Predator not the Lions or Wolves 00:00:50.840 --> 00:00:53.510 creeping around in the dark not even the 00:00:53.520 --> 00:00:56.709 Sabertooth cats with their thisal hurt 00:00:56.719 --> 00:01:00.189 Smiles no the real nightmare wasn't n't 00:01:00.199 --> 00:01:02.270 something from a bad movie it was 00:01:02.280 --> 00:01:05.830 something terrifyingly real a creature 00:01:05.840 --> 00:01:08.270 that looked a little like us but was 00:01:08.280 --> 00:01:11.030 built like a tank and acted like a 00:01:11.040 --> 00:01:13.390 Hitman Homo 00:01:13.400 --> 00:01:15.350 neanderthalensis the 00:01:15.360 --> 00:01:18.109 Neanderthal now before you picture some 00:01:18.119 --> 00:01:20.749 cartoonish caveman grunting and dragging 00:01:20.759 --> 00:01:24.429 a club stop these guys weren't bumbling 00:01:24.439 --> 00:01:27.310 fools neanderthals were Precision 00:01:27.320 --> 00:01:30.670 engineered Machines of survival sure 00:01:30.680 --> 00:01:33.630 they only stood about 5 1/2 ft tall but 00:01:33.640 --> 00:01:35.630 they packed that height with enough raw 00:01:35.640 --> 00:01:38.990 power to make a linebacker look delicate 00:01:39.000 --> 00:01:42.109 muscles like steel cables bones thick 00:01:42.119 --> 00:01:44.590 enough to shrug off the kind of injuries 00:01:44.600 --> 00:01:47.510 that would flatten most of us and grip 00:01:47.520 --> 00:01:49.469 that could crush bones like they were 00:01:49.479 --> 00:01:52.510 potato chips oh and they didn't get 00:01:52.520 --> 00:01:55.670 tired these weren't sprinters they were 00:01:55.680 --> 00:01:58.709 endurance monsters who could track prey 00:01:58.719 --> 00:02:01.109 for miles and still have the energy to 00:02:01.119 --> 00:02:03.990 crush it when they got there and those 00:02:04.000 --> 00:02:07.429 eyes they didn't just see you they saw 00:02:07.439 --> 00:02:11.430 you every twitch every mistake nothing 00:02:11.440 --> 00:02:14.470 escaped their notice if you ran into a 00:02:14.480 --> 00:02:17.309 neanderthal you weren't just unlucky you 00:02:17.319 --> 00:02:20.830 were doomed these weren't scavengers 00:02:20.840 --> 00:02:23.670 neanderthals were apex predators who 00:02:23.680 --> 00:02:26.390 ruled the icy forests and plains of 00:02:26.400 --> 00:02:28.470 Europe and Asia like they'd inherited 00:02:28.480 --> 00:02:30.430 the deed 00:02:30.440 --> 00:02:32.509 where Homo sapiens scraped by on 00:02:32.519 --> 00:02:35.430 leftovers neanderthals claimed the best 00:02:35.440 --> 00:02:38.390 hunting grounds and set traps like 00:02:38.400 --> 00:02:40.710 professionals and when Homo sapiens 00:02:40.720 --> 00:02:43.550 started wandering into their territories 00:02:43.560 --> 00:02:45.270 well the Neanderthals didn't welcome 00:02:45.280 --> 00:02:48.630 them with a fruit basket nope they saw 00:02:48.640 --> 00:02:52.509 competition and competition needed to be 00:02:52.519 --> 00:02:53.630 well 00:02:53.640 --> 00:02:55.949 eliminated the first meetings between 00:02:55.959 --> 00:02:58.229 these two species weren't diplomatic 00:02:58.239 --> 00:03:01.350 they were massacres Homo sapiens didn't 00:03:01.360 --> 00:03:04.430 stand a chance neanderthals didn't fight 00:03:04.440 --> 00:03:08.070 fair they fought to win and they did 00:03:08.080 --> 00:03:11.910 every single time imagine trying to 00:03:11.920 --> 00:03:14.149 fight off a freight train with a pointy 00:03:14.159 --> 00:03:17.670 stick that's basically what it was like 00:03:17.680 --> 00:03:20.470 the survivors weren't retreating they 00:03:20.480 --> 00:03:23.869 were running for their lives the forests 00:03:23.879 --> 00:03:26.309 once full of cautious hope turned into 00:03:26.319 --> 00:03:28.869 the kind of place where every twig snap 00:03:28.879 --> 00:03:30.390 sounded like a death 00:03:30.400 --> 00:03:34.270 sentence this wasn't a war it was barely 00:03:34.280 --> 00:03:37.030 even a fight it was Survival by the Skin 00:03:37.040 --> 00:03:37.910 of Their 00:03:37.920 --> 00:03:40.630 Teeth for thousands of years 00:03:40.640 --> 00:03:44.509 neanderthals ruled Homo sapiens they 00:03:44.519 --> 00:03:46.509 were the species most likely to not make 00:03:46.519 --> 00:03:50.350 it running hiding surviving on the 00:03:50.360 --> 00:03:52.949 scraps they left behind in those 00:03:52.959 --> 00:03:55.949 campfires they huddled around let's just 00:03:55.959 --> 00:03:58.630 say it wasn't for warmth it was to keep 00:03:58.640 --> 00:04:00.710 the monsters at 00:04:00.720 --> 00:04:05.710 and yet somehow a spark survived not 00:04:05.720 --> 00:04:08.710 strength not dominance just sheer 00:04:08.720 --> 00:04:09.869 stubborn 00:04:09.879 --> 00:04:12.670 resilience Homo sapiens didn't know how 00:04:12.680 --> 00:04:14.069 they were going to outlast the 00:04:14.079 --> 00:04:17.509 Neanderthals or if they even could but 00:04:17.519 --> 00:04:19.949 giving up wasn't on the table because if 00:04:19.959 --> 00:04:22.629 they lost it wasn't just their species 00:04:22.639 --> 00:04:25.310 that disappeared it was everything they' 00:04:25.320 --> 00:04:27.870 ever hoped for everything they could 00:04:27.880 --> 00:04:30.350 ever be but but don't cue the 00:04:30.360 --> 00:04:32.830 inspirational music just yet the 00:04:32.840 --> 00:04:36.590 meanderthals weren't done not even close 00:04:36.600 --> 00:04:39.270 they were still Kings of the Ice Age and 00:04:39.280 --> 00:04:41.469 their rain wasn't about to crumble 00:04:41.479 --> 00:04:44.550 overnight for Homo sapiens the darkest 00:04:44.560 --> 00:04:47.990 days were still ahead the answers might 00:04:48.000 --> 00:04:50.350 change everything you know let's find 00:04:50.360 --> 00:04:52.460 out 00:04:52.470 --> 00:05:09.790 [Music] 00:05:09.800 --> 00:05:12.629 neanderthals weren't just apex predators 00:05:12.639 --> 00:05:15.070 they were the Ice Age version of Apex 00:05:15.080 --> 00:05:18.150 everything sure they only stood about 5 00:05:18.160 --> 00:05:20.950 1/2 ft tall compacted by modern 00:05:20.960 --> 00:05:23.670 standards but don't let that fool you 00:05:23.680 --> 00:05:25.870 these weren't your gym rack cousins they 00:05:25.880 --> 00:05:27.749 were built like freight trains all 00:05:27.759 --> 00:05:31.070 muscle and bone designed for raw power 00:05:31.080 --> 00:05:31.990 not 00:05:32.000 --> 00:05:34.510 finesse if a neanderthal walked into a 00:05:34.520 --> 00:05:36.670 modern gym they wouldn't bother with the 00:05:36.680 --> 00:05:38.710 weights they'd probably just pick up the 00:05:38.720 --> 00:05:41.749 squat rack their diet reflected their 00:05:41.759 --> 00:05:43.830 dominance neanderthals were 00:05:43.840 --> 00:05:46.469 opportunistic carnivores thriving on a 00:05:46.479 --> 00:05:49.430 steady supply of Mammoth woolly Rhino 00:05:49.440 --> 00:05:51.309 reindeer and 00:05:51.319 --> 00:05:54.110 bison but they weren't above Scavenging 00:05:54.120 --> 00:05:57.029 for plants nuts and Roots When big game 00:05:57.039 --> 00:05:59.950 was scarce and then there were the times 00:05:59.960 --> 00:06:03.909 when things got let's say a little Grim 00:06:03.919 --> 00:06:05.590 evidence shows that neanderthals 00:06:05.600 --> 00:06:08.390 occasionally resorted to cannibalism not 00:06:08.400 --> 00:06:11.909 out of malice but necessity fossilized 00:06:11.919 --> 00:06:14.350 Neanderthal bones marked with cut marks 00:06:14.360 --> 00:06:16.990 and fractures tell a story of brutal 00:06:17.000 --> 00:06:19.070 Winters where even their legendary 00:06:19.080 --> 00:06:21.830 hunting skills couldn't save them if you 00:06:21.840 --> 00:06:24.270 stumbled across one of these guys you 00:06:24.280 --> 00:06:26.550 weren't just looking at a distant cousin 00:06:26.560 --> 00:06:29.230 you were staring down a prehistoric tank 00:06:29.240 --> 00:06:31.430 with a do whatever it takes attitude 00:06:31.440 --> 00:06:32.309 toward 00:06:32.319 --> 00:06:34.830 survival but brute strength wasn't their 00:06:34.840 --> 00:06:37.710 only Edge these weren't just musclebound 00:06:37.720 --> 00:06:41.070 Hunters flailing wildly at their prey 00:06:41.080 --> 00:06:45.029 neanderthals were smart scary smart they 00:06:45.039 --> 00:06:47.309 didn't rely on Brute Force alone they 00:06:47.319 --> 00:06:51.270 were patient precise and terrifyingly 00:06:51.280 --> 00:06:53.589 methodical they worked in tight 00:06:53.599 --> 00:06:56.189 coordinated groups ambushing prey with 00:06:56.199 --> 00:06:58.270 teamwork that made wolf packs look 00:06:58.280 --> 00:07:02.270 amateur woolly rhinal mammoths nothing 00:07:02.280 --> 00:07:05.070 was off the menu their hunting strategy 00:07:05.080 --> 00:07:09.950 was simple surround strike and finish 00:07:09.960 --> 00:07:12.230 quickly and it wasn't just animals that 00:07:12.240 --> 00:07:15.189 ended up on the menu neanderthals 00:07:15.199 --> 00:07:18.510 weren't exactly picky eaters excavations 00:07:18.520 --> 00:07:20.629 have uncovered butchered Homo Sapien 00:07:20.639 --> 00:07:23.869 bones alongside animal remains 00:07:23.879 --> 00:07:26.790 suggesting that when push came to shove 00:07:26.800 --> 00:07:29.029 H they didn't just view us as 00:07:29.039 --> 00:07:30.309 competition 00:07:30.319 --> 00:07:33.469 they viewed us as lunch and it didn't 00:07:33.479 --> 00:07:37.029 stop there neanderthals also turned on 00:07:37.039 --> 00:07:39.550 each other during desperate times to 00:07:39.560 --> 00:07:42.150 them survival wasn't about morality it 00:07:42.160 --> 00:07:44.390 was about living to see another day no 00:07:44.400 --> 00:07:45.589 matter the 00:07:45.599 --> 00:07:49.230 cost unlike Homo sapiens who often kept 00:07:49.240 --> 00:07:52.589 a safe distance with ranged weapons 00:07:52.599 --> 00:07:55.189 neanderthals got right up close and 00:07:55.199 --> 00:07:58.830 personal no bows no arrows no slinging 00:07:58.840 --> 00:08:01.629 rocks from from a cowardly distance they 00:08:01.639 --> 00:08:04.589 charged in with heavy Spears in sheer 00:08:04.599 --> 00:08:07.589 Brute Force delivering crushing blows 00:08:07.599 --> 00:08:09.230 with the Precision of a 00:08:09.240 --> 00:08:11.909 sledgehammer it wasn't just hunting it 00:08:11.919 --> 00:08:14.589 was dominance they weren't chasing their 00:08:14.599 --> 00:08:17.629 prey they were asserting ownership over 00:08:17.639 --> 00:08:20.710 the Ice Age food chain right so let me 00:08:20.720 --> 00:08:22.710 get this straight you're out here 00:08:22.720 --> 00:08:25.149 sharing Tundra real estate with these 00:08:25.159 --> 00:08:27.550 musclebound Terminators and your big 00:08:27.560 --> 00:08:30.830 plan is what hope they're feeling 00:08:30.840 --> 00:08:33.149 generous these guys weren't handing out 00:08:33.159 --> 00:08:35.870 invitations to Mammoth BBQs they were 00:08:35.880 --> 00:08:38.790 handing out Extinction notices and 00:08:38.800 --> 00:08:41.870 judging by the results they had a pretty 00:08:41.880 --> 00:08:44.470 effective delivery 00:08:44.480 --> 00:08:47.509 system but neanderthals didn't just hunt 00:08:47.519 --> 00:08:50.710 Homo sapiens they also interbred with 00:08:50.720 --> 00:08:53.670 them whether it was through mutual 00:08:53.680 --> 00:08:57.710 cooperation or less than consensual 00:08:57.720 --> 00:09:00.190 encounters genetic evidence reveals that 00:09:00.200 --> 00:09:02.470 neanderthals left their Mark in the DNA 00:09:02.480 --> 00:09:06.110 of modern humans around 1 to 2% of the 00:09:06.120 --> 00:09:08.829 genome in people of European and Asian 00:09:08.839 --> 00:09:11.750 descent comes from neanderthals these 00:09:11.760 --> 00:09:14.069 weren't just casual interactions they 00:09:14.079 --> 00:09:16.829 were complex and sometimes brutal 00:09:16.839 --> 00:09:18.470 relationships where the line between 00:09:18.480 --> 00:09:21.550 enemy and mate was blurred it wasn't 00:09:21.560 --> 00:09:24.990 just biology it was survival politics 00:09:25.000 --> 00:09:28.670 for 200,000 years neanderthals thrived 00:09:28.680 --> 00:09:31.030 in conditions that would have wiped out 00:09:31.040 --> 00:09:33.550 weaker species they weren't just 00:09:33.560 --> 00:09:36.350 surviving they were thriving their 00:09:36.360 --> 00:09:38.910 Mastery over fire didn't just keep them 00:09:38.920 --> 00:09:41.710 warm it allowed them to cook improving 00:09:41.720 --> 00:09:44.069 their nutrition and fortifying them for 00:09:44.079 --> 00:09:46.069 the harsh World they 00:09:46.079 --> 00:09:48.949 dominated their tools weren't crude 00:09:48.959 --> 00:09:51.710 Flint tipped Spears and scrapers rivaled 00:09:51.720 --> 00:09:54.269 anything Homo sapiens could come up with 00:09:54.279 --> 00:09:56.829 they weren't mindless brutes either 00:09:56.839 --> 00:09:58.710 evidence of burial suggests they had 00:09:58.720 --> 00:10:01.190 some concept of ritual or respect for 00:10:01.200 --> 00:10:02.470 their own 00:10:02.480 --> 00:10:06.269 kind these were beings of nuance brutal 00:10:06.279 --> 00:10:08.990 Hunters but also capable of a kind of 00:10:09.000 --> 00:10:12.030 creativity and adaptability that has 00:10:12.040 --> 00:10:13.430 been long 00:10:13.440 --> 00:10:15.949 underestimated neanderthals didn't just 00:10:15.959 --> 00:10:19.310 adapt to their environment they owned it 00:10:19.320 --> 00:10:21.389 they knew every Frozen River every 00:10:21.399 --> 00:10:24.710 migration path in every hidden Ravine 00:10:24.720 --> 00:10:26.470 this wasn't just survival it was a 00:10:26.480 --> 00:10:29.069 master class in Ice Age living their 00:10:29.079 --> 00:10:31.389 body bodies their tools and their 00:10:31.399 --> 00:10:33.790 teamwork were designed to dominate an 00:10:33.800 --> 00:10:36.750 unforgiving landscape for thousands of 00:10:36.760 --> 00:10:39.430 years they ruled Europe and Asia without 00:10:39.440 --> 00:10:42.550 question the Undisputed Kings of their 00:10:42.560 --> 00:10:43.550 Frozen 00:10:43.560 --> 00:10:49.820 domain and then we showed 00:10:49.830 --> 00:10:56.150 [Music] 00:10:56.160 --> 00:10:59.790 up 70,000 years ago homeo SA Ian were 00:10:59.800 --> 00:11:01.990 far from the top of the food chain they 00:11:02.000 --> 00:11:04.509 weren't Ice Age royalty they were 00:11:04.519 --> 00:11:07.990 Scrappy underdogs barely hanging on 00:11:08.000 --> 00:11:10.550 picture scattered bands of foragers 00:11:10.560 --> 00:11:13.190 huddled around campfires their breath 00:11:13.200 --> 00:11:16.190 visible in the freezing air every snap 00:11:16.200 --> 00:11:18.470 of a twig or Shadow beyond the fire 00:11:18.480 --> 00:11:20.870 light wasn't just Eerie it was 00:11:20.880 --> 00:11:23.590 potentially the last thing they'd hear 00:11:23.600 --> 00:11:25.990 these weren't rulers of the landscape 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:29.750 they were prey physically homo SA didn't 00:11:29.760 --> 00:11:32.829 stand a chance against their main Rivals 00:11:32.839 --> 00:11:35.190 they were taller skinnier and let's face 00:11:35.200 --> 00:11:39.069 it a lot flimsier neanderthals were like 00:11:39.079 --> 00:11:41.990 tanks sapiens were like those compact 00:11:42.000 --> 00:11:45.150 cars that are great on gas but crumple 00:11:45.160 --> 00:11:47.470 if you sneeze too hard near 00:11:47.480 --> 00:11:50.509 them sure our lightweight frames were 00:11:50.519 --> 00:11:53.069 great for running persistence hunting 00:11:53.079 --> 00:11:56.269 specifically but in a head-to-head fight 00:11:56.279 --> 00:11:57.829 let's just say we wouldn't put money on 00:11:57.839 --> 00:12:00.750 the sapiens neanderthals could crush 00:12:00.760 --> 00:12:03.430 skulls with a single blow we on the 00:12:03.440 --> 00:12:06.509 other hand had creative thinking and 00:12:06.519 --> 00:12:10.069 fragile necks and that creative thinking 00:12:10.079 --> 00:12:13.069 it's what saved us Homo sapiens weren't 00:12:13.079 --> 00:12:15.230 built for brute strength but they were 00:12:15.240 --> 00:12:18.389 built for endurance their long legs and 00:12:18.399 --> 00:12:20.829 wiry Frames were perfect for persistence 00:12:20.839 --> 00:12:23.670 hunting it wasn't about speed it was 00:12:23.680 --> 00:12:27.069 about the long game literally they chase 00:12:27.079 --> 00:12:29.990 prey for hours sometimes days until it 00:12:30.000 --> 00:12:32.990 just gave up imagine running a marathon 00:12:33.000 --> 00:12:34.870 while being hunted by a bunch of sapiens 00:12:34.880 --> 00:12:38.389 who refus to quit eventually you'd throw 00:12:38.399 --> 00:12:41.509 in the towel too this endurance wasn't 00:12:41.519 --> 00:12:44.350 just physical it was a lifestyle they 00:12:44.360 --> 00:12:47.110 followed seasonal migrations foraging 00:12:47.120 --> 00:12:50.269 for roots and berries along the way but 00:12:50.279 --> 00:12:53.389 Mobility had its risks every step into 00:12:53.399 --> 00:12:55.590 unfamiliar territory brought new 00:12:55.600 --> 00:12:59.310 Predators both human and not so human 00:12:59.320 --> 00:13:01.949 where Homo sapiens lacked strength they 00:13:01.959 --> 00:13:04.949 compensated with Ingenuity their tools 00:13:04.959 --> 00:13:07.269 weren't fancy but they were 00:13:07.279 --> 00:13:09.350 revolutionary lightweight throwing 00:13:09.360 --> 00:13:11.949 Spears and darts allowed them to hunt 00:13:11.959 --> 00:13:14.590 from a distance no need to get up close 00:13:14.600 --> 00:13:18.110 and personal with a mammoth or worse a 00:13:18.120 --> 00:13:21.509 neanderthal the atol a spear thrower 00:13:21.519 --> 00:13:24.269 turned their wimpy human arms into long 00:13:24.279 --> 00:13:25.829 range death 00:13:25.839 --> 00:13:28.550 machines it wasn't brute force it was 00:13:28.560 --> 00:13:29.870 efficiency 00:13:29.880 --> 00:13:32.509 alongside weapons they made bone needles 00:13:32.519 --> 00:13:34.790 for sewing clothing fish hooks for 00:13:34.800 --> 00:13:37.670 exploiting rivers and lakes and traps 00:13:37.680 --> 00:13:39.829 for catching smaller game while they 00:13:39.839 --> 00:13:42.790 hunted bigger prizes and then there was 00:13:42.800 --> 00:13:46.310 their secret weapon Community Homo 00:13:46.320 --> 00:13:48.750 sapiens weren't solo artists they were a 00:13:48.760 --> 00:13:51.470 team sport they formed Titanic groups 00:13:51.480 --> 00:13:53.990 where everyone had a role hunting 00:13:54.000 --> 00:13:57.550 Gathering protecting or caring for the 00:13:57.560 --> 00:14:00.389 young these weren't just survival 00:14:00.399 --> 00:14:03.870 mechanics they were survival strategies 00:14:03.880 --> 00:14:06.470 cooperation made them stronger and 00:14:06.480 --> 00:14:08.470 communication made them 00:14:08.480 --> 00:14:11.590 smarter that's where language came in 00:14:11.600 --> 00:14:14.310 Homo sapiens didn't just Grunt and point 00:14:14.320 --> 00:14:17.389 they spoke okay maybe it wasn't 00:14:17.399 --> 00:14:19.550 Shakespeare but it was enough to share 00:14:19.560 --> 00:14:22.629 hunting tips worn about predators and 00:14:22.639 --> 00:14:24.749 swap life hacks about which berries 00:14:24.759 --> 00:14:28.670 would kill you this ability to exchange 00:14:28.680 --> 00:14:30.790 ideas has turned every new tool or 00:14:30.800 --> 00:14:33.509 tactic into a CommunityWide 00:14:33.519 --> 00:14:36.150 upgrade they weren't just surviving they 00:14:36.160 --> 00:14:38.470 were evolving in real 00:14:38.480 --> 00:14:40.829 time but these weren't just cold 00:14:40.839 --> 00:14:43.389 calculating groups sapiens were 00:14:43.399 --> 00:14:46.110 emotional creatures too they cared for 00:14:46.120 --> 00:14:48.910 their sick tended to their wounded and 00:14:48.920 --> 00:14:51.670 buried their dead this wasn't just 00:14:51.680 --> 00:14:55.069 practical it was deeply human where 00:14:55.079 --> 00:14:57.790 neanderthals might leave the weak behind 00:14:57.800 --> 00:15:00.550 sapiens carried them forward it wasn't 00:15:00.560 --> 00:15:02.910 just survival of the fittest it was 00:15:02.920 --> 00:15:04.470 survival of the most 00:15:04.480 --> 00:15:08.670 connected then around 70,000 years ago 00:15:08.680 --> 00:15:11.509 something extraordinary happened a 00:15:11.519 --> 00:15:14.389 cognitive leap that turned sapiens into 00:15:14.399 --> 00:15:17.189 innovators dreamers and 00:15:17.199 --> 00:15:20.069 strategists they Painted Cave walls 00:15:20.079 --> 00:15:22.590 adorned themselves with beads and buried 00:15:22.600 --> 00:15:24.949 their dead with a touch of ritual this 00:15:24.959 --> 00:15:27.670 wasn't just art it was imagination and 00:15:27.680 --> 00:15:29.710 action they could could see a hunt 00:15:29.720 --> 00:15:32.749 before it happened strategize and even 00:15:32.759 --> 00:15:35.790 anticipate threats their minds weren't 00:15:35.800 --> 00:15:38.030 just tools for survival they were 00:15:38.040 --> 00:15:39.629 engineers of 00:15:39.639 --> 00:15:42.189 creativity this creativity allowed Homo 00:15:42.199 --> 00:15:44.389 sapiens to do what no other species 00:15:44.399 --> 00:15:45.910 could 00:15:45.920 --> 00:15:48.910 organize they could rally groups pull 00:15:48.920 --> 00:15:51.949 resources and plan for long-term 00:15:51.959 --> 00:15:53.949 survival whether it was mapping 00:15:53.959 --> 00:15:56.110 migration routes constructing better 00:15:56.120 --> 00:15:59.069 shelters or preparing to face predators 00:15:59.079 --> 00:16:01.350 including the Andals they turned their 00:16:01.360 --> 00:16:05.030 ideas into action and that made them 00:16:05.040 --> 00:16:07.389 dangerous but let's not pretended was 00:16:07.399 --> 00:16:10.670 smooth sailing Homo sapiens were walking 00:16:10.680 --> 00:16:13.550 the razor's edge of Extinction their 00:16:13.560 --> 00:16:16.350 immune systems weren't as robust as the 00:16:16.360 --> 00:16:18.910 Neanderthals making them vulnerable to 00:16:18.920 --> 00:16:21.749 disease their slim builds made them more 00:16:21.759 --> 00:16:23.509 prone to injuries and less able to 00:16:23.519 --> 00:16:26.350 withstand the brutal cold every failed 00:16:26.360 --> 00:16:29.189 hunt was a potential death sentence in 00:16:29.199 --> 00:16:31.710 every encounter with meanderthals wasn't 00:16:31.720 --> 00:16:34.150 just risky it was 00:16:34.160 --> 00:16:37.470 existential the Ice Age was a cruel and 00:16:37.480 --> 00:16:40.910 unforgiving place the land was foreign 00:16:40.920 --> 00:16:43.590 Predators were Relentless and Winters 00:16:43.600 --> 00:16:46.470 didn't care about your survival plans 00:16:46.480 --> 00:16:48.550 every decision carried life or death 00:16:48.560 --> 00:16:51.389 Stakes Every Step Beyond the safety of 00:16:51.399 --> 00:16:54.110 the campfire was a gamble with 00:16:54.120 --> 00:16:57.509 terrifying odds okay let me get this 00:16:57.519 --> 00:17:00.350 straight you've got these lanky humans 00:17:00.360 --> 00:17:02.069 wandering Out of Africa like they're on 00:17:02.079 --> 00:17:04.789 a gap year stumbling into Neanderthal 00:17:04.799 --> 00:17:08.069 territory like they've RSVP to the wrong 00:17:08.079 --> 00:17:10.669 party the Neanderthal are out there 00:17:10.679 --> 00:17:12.990 built like linebackers with Spears and 00:17:13.000 --> 00:17:16.510 the sapiens are what hoping for a warm 00:17:16.520 --> 00:17:19.750 welcome spoiler alert no one's offering 00:17:19.760 --> 00:17:22.510 them a seat at the table unless it's on 00:17:22.520 --> 00:17:23.750 the 00:17:23.760 --> 00:17:26.669 table that's very true Homo sapiens 00:17:26.679 --> 00:17:28.350 weren't just fragile they were 00:17:28.360 --> 00:17:29.350 outnumbered 00:17:29.360 --> 00:17:31.990 outgunned and constantly on the 00:17:32.000 --> 00:17:35.350 Run by any reasonable metric they should 00:17:35.360 --> 00:17:37.710 have turned tail and retreated but they 00:17:37.720 --> 00:17:40.710 didn't instead they pushed forward into 00:17:40.720 --> 00:17:42.990 a world that wasn't just hostile it was 00:17:43.000 --> 00:17:46.150 deadly this wasn't a migration it was an 00:17:46.160 --> 00:17:48.830 invasion and the stakes couldn't have 00:17:48.840 --> 00:17:52.260 been higher 00:17:52.270 --> 00:17:59.070 [Music] 00:17:59.080 --> 00:18:01.830 as I dug deeper into this topic one 00:18:01.840 --> 00:18:04.310 thought kept haunting me what would it 00:18:04.320 --> 00:18:08.029 have been like to actually see it to 00:18:08.039 --> 00:18:09.909 stand there on the edge of 00:18:09.919 --> 00:18:13.029 prehistory watching two species locked 00:18:13.039 --> 00:18:16.270 in a Savage fight for survival imagine 00:18:16.280 --> 00:18:19.110 being transported 70,000 years into the 00:18:19.120 --> 00:18:23.110 past into a world sharper colder and far 00:18:23.120 --> 00:18:25.230 more dangerous than anything we can 00:18:25.240 --> 00:18:28.350 picture it wasn't just about survival it 00:18:28.360 --> 00:18:31.549 was about raw Relentless fear every 00:18:31.559 --> 00:18:34.149 shadow stretched a little too far every 00:18:34.159 --> 00:18:36.870 snap of a twig wasn't just unsettling it 00:18:36.880 --> 00:18:38.390 was a potential death 00:18:38.400 --> 00:18:42.149 sentence now dim the lights raise the 00:18:42.159 --> 00:18:44.270 volume and picture 00:18:44.280 --> 00:18:48.270 it the air is crisp carrying the scent 00:18:48.280 --> 00:18:51.950 of wood smoke and damp Earth Fire Light 00:18:51.960 --> 00:18:55.549 flickers casting uneasy Shadows on faces 00:18:55.559 --> 00:18:58.830 worn thin by hunger and anxiety 00:18:58.840 --> 00:19:01.750 voices murmur softly too softly to 00:19:01.760 --> 00:19:05.029 disturb the dark too soft to invite 00:19:05.039 --> 00:19:07.669 anything out there to listen and there 00:19:07.679 --> 00:19:11.230 it is that crushing weight that 00:19:11.240 --> 00:19:13.350 instinctive bone deep sense that 00:19:13.360 --> 00:19:16.669 something is watching you can't see it 00:19:16.679 --> 00:19:19.750 but your body knows it's there every 00:19:19.760 --> 00:19:24.029 hair stands on end every nerve screams 00:19:24.039 --> 00:19:27.669 Danger let's go back together let's walk 00:19:27.679 --> 00:19:31.909 into their world 00:19:31.919 --> 00:19:34.029 the air hung thick with the smell of 00:19:34.039 --> 00:19:37.070 smoke in damp Earth night had settled 00:19:37.080 --> 00:19:39.710 over the forest and the faint glow from 00:19:39.720 --> 00:19:42.830 the dying Embers of a cooking Fire cast 00:19:42.840 --> 00:19:45.190 flickering Shadows across the small 00:19:45.200 --> 00:19:47.789 clearing a handful of homo sapiens 00:19:47.799 --> 00:19:50.029 huddled Around It sharing what little 00:19:50.039 --> 00:19:52.549 warmth and food they had managed to scr 00:19:52.559 --> 00:19:54.830 up after another brutal day of hunting 00:19:54.840 --> 00:19:55.669 and 00:19:55.679 --> 00:19:58.789 foraging their faces told the story 00:19:58.799 --> 00:20:01.669 exhaustion hunger and that everpresent 00:20:01.679 --> 00:20:05.630 edge of fear this wasn't just dinner it 00:20:05.640 --> 00:20:09.350 was survival every crack of a twig every 00:20:09.360 --> 00:20:11.230 Whisper Of Wind Through the Trees 00:20:11.240 --> 00:20:13.870 carried the unspoken question is 00:20:13.880 --> 00:20:17.149 something out there Predators were an 00:20:17.159 --> 00:20:19.470 everyday threat part of the background 00:20:19.480 --> 00:20:22.870 noise of life but tonight they weren't 00:20:22.880 --> 00:20:25.750 just in the background tonight they were 00:20:25.760 --> 00:20:27.630 closer than anyone dared 00:20:27.640 --> 00:20:30.789 imagine I stand there somehow both 00:20:30.799 --> 00:20:33.750 present and invisible my Modern Eyes 00:20:33.760 --> 00:20:35.510 struggling to adjust to the flickering 00:20:35.520 --> 00:20:39.350 Fire Light the fear on their faces is 00:20:39.360 --> 00:20:42.390 unmistakable raw almost 00:20:42.400 --> 00:20:45.710 tangible the whole scene feels fragile 00:20:45.720 --> 00:20:48.870 like it could shatter with the slightest 00:20:48.880 --> 00:20:51.390 disturbance then it 00:20:51.400 --> 00:20:54.549 happens a sharp crack of a branch slices 00:20:54.559 --> 00:20:56.669 through the Stillness and every head 00:20:56.679 --> 00:21:00.190 snaps toward the darkness for a moment 00:21:00.200 --> 00:21:02.430 the only sound is a steady chirping of 00:21:02.440 --> 00:21:05.909 crickets oblivious to the rising dread 00:21:05.919 --> 00:21:08.990 the leader a wiry man with deep set 00:21:09.000 --> 00:21:11.830 watchful eyes lifts his hand silently 00:21:11.840 --> 00:21:15.350 demanding Stillness nobody moves and 00:21:15.360 --> 00:21:20.190 then the growl it's low guttural and 00:21:20.200 --> 00:21:22.950 chilly the kind of sound that seems to 00:21:22.960 --> 00:21:25.110 crawl under your skin and make your 00:21:25.120 --> 00:21:29.909 chest tighten this wasn't a wolf or a 00:21:29.919 --> 00:21:32.990 those would almost be a relief this is 00:21:33.000 --> 00:21:35.640 something far 00:21:35.650 --> 00:21:38.230 [Music] 00:21:38.240 --> 00:21:42.070 worse from the Shadows they emerge the 00:21:42.080 --> 00:21:44.149 Neanderthals they look like something 00:21:44.159 --> 00:21:47.750 carved out of stone thick massive bodies 00:21:47.760 --> 00:21:50.110 with muscles Rippling under the heavy 00:21:50.120 --> 00:21:53.630 frames their heads are large their brows 00:21:53.640 --> 00:21:57.029 heavy and their eyes glint with a cold 00:21:57.039 --> 00:21:59.430 calculating intelligence that feels 00:21:59.440 --> 00:22:03.390 disturbingly alien they carry Spears 00:22:03.400 --> 00:22:06.029 brutal crude weapons that seem design 00:22:06.039 --> 00:22:09.149 more for smashing than stabbing they 00:22:09.159 --> 00:22:13.190 don't make a sound no Roars no threats 00:22:13.200 --> 00:22:17.230 no warnings they just charge the first 00:22:17.240 --> 00:22:19.630 impact is brutal one of the homo sapiens 00:22:19.640 --> 00:22:21.789 closest to the edge of the camp barely 00:22:21.799 --> 00:22:23.830 has time to scream before a neanderthal 00:22:23.840 --> 00:22:27.070 spear drives into his chest lifting him 00:22:27.080 --> 00:22:29.230 off the ground the the sound of the 00:22:29.240 --> 00:22:32.710 strike a wet sickening crunch makes me 00:22:32.720 --> 00:22:35.750 want to turn away but I can't I am 00:22:35.760 --> 00:22:39.230 trapped a silent Observer to the chaos 00:22:39.240 --> 00:22:41.510 the clearing explodes in a frenzy of 00:22:41.520 --> 00:22:44.470 motion the homo sapiens scramble to grab 00:22:44.480 --> 00:22:47.549 their weapons small sharpened sticks 00:22:47.559 --> 00:22:49.269 little more than toys compared to the 00:22:49.279 --> 00:22:52.470 Neanderthals crude but devastating tools 00:22:52.480 --> 00:22:54.909 A Brave Young woman thrusts her spear 00:22:54.919 --> 00:22:57.590 toward a neanderthal but it swatted away 00:22:57.600 --> 00:23:00.549 like a twig the Neanderthal grabs her by 00:23:00.559 --> 00:23:02.909 the arm twisting it with a horrifying 00:23:02.919 --> 00:23:05.230 strength and throws her to the ground 00:23:05.240 --> 00:23:08.590 with a thud that echoes in my chest she 00:23:08.600 --> 00:23:11.549 doesn't move again I want to shout to 00:23:11.559 --> 00:23:14.590 warn them to do something but I am 00:23:14.600 --> 00:23:18.070 voiceless here a ghost in the past the 00:23:18.080 --> 00:23:20.190 leader rallies a small group to fight 00:23:20.200 --> 00:23:22.630 back their movements are quick and 00:23:22.640 --> 00:23:26.110 desperate fueled by Terror they jab and 00:23:26.120 --> 00:23:29.110 swing circling one of the neander THS 00:23:29.120 --> 00:23:31.430 who now looks almost amused by their 00:23:31.440 --> 00:23:34.110 efforts with a single swing of his Club 00:23:34.120 --> 00:23:36.710 likee spear he breaks one man's arm and 00:23:36.720 --> 00:23:40.029 crushes another skull blood splatters 00:23:40.039 --> 00:23:42.789 the ground and the fire hisses as 00:23:42.799 --> 00:23:46.230 droplets hit the Embers screams fill the 00:23:46.240 --> 00:23:48.909 air some of the homo sapiens drop their 00:23:48.919 --> 00:23:51.269 weapons and flee into the forest their 00:23:51.279 --> 00:23:54.630 Shadows swallowed by the trees others 00:23:54.640 --> 00:23:57.350 try to stand their ground their faces 00:23:57.360 --> 00:24:00.470 masks of panic in determination but it's 00:24:00.480 --> 00:24:03.710 clear this is not a fight it's a 00:24:03.720 --> 00:24:07.310 slaughter a woman carrying a child boats 00:24:07.320 --> 00:24:10.470 toward the caves I follow her my 00:24:10.480 --> 00:24:13.310 perspective shifting as she runs her 00:24:13.320 --> 00:24:15.990 breath comes in gasps and the child 00:24:16.000 --> 00:24:19.990 clings to her neck silent but wide-eyed 00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:22.630 behind her I hear the heavy footsteps of 00:24:22.640 --> 00:24:25.990 a neanderthal in Pursuit she stumbles 00:24:26.000 --> 00:24:28.750 and I feel my heart leap into my throat 00:24:28.760 --> 00:24:31.549 but she doesn't fall somehow she keeps 00:24:31.559 --> 00:24:34.070 moving her desperation propelling her 00:24:34.080 --> 00:24:37.389 forward the caves come into view dark 00:24:37.399 --> 00:24:39.269 openings in the Rocky Hillside that 00:24:39.279 --> 00:24:42.389 offer a slim promise of safety other 00:24:42.399 --> 00:24:44.990 survivors are already there climbing 00:24:45.000 --> 00:24:47.470 over rocks and pushing deeper into the 00:24:47.480 --> 00:24:50.029 Shadows the woman reaches the entrance 00:24:50.039 --> 00:24:52.430 just as the pursuing Neanderthal closes 00:24:52.440 --> 00:24:56.190 in she turns clutching a jagged Rock and 00:24:56.200 --> 00:24:59.149 throws it with all her might it strikes 00:24:59.159 --> 00:25:01.710 the Neanderthal shoulder barely slowing 00:25:01.720 --> 00:25:03.789 him but it gives her enough time to 00:25:03.799 --> 00:25:06.710 disappear into the Cave's Mall inside 00:25:06.720 --> 00:25:09.990 the air is cold and smells of damp Stone 00:25:10.000 --> 00:25:12.710 the survivors huddled together their 00:25:12.720 --> 00:25:15.710 eyes wide and darting to every shadow 00:25:15.720 --> 00:25:17.750 the sounds of the attack still echo 00:25:17.760 --> 00:25:22.149 outside screams grunts the dull thud of 00:25:22.159 --> 00:25:25.070 bodies hitting the ground a young boy 00:25:25.080 --> 00:25:28.149 begins to sob his mother pressing a hand 00:25:28.159 --> 00:25:31.029 over over his mouth to silence him 00:25:31.039 --> 00:25:32.789 everyone knows that the Neanderthals 00:25:32.799 --> 00:25:35.950 might come searching minutes feel like 00:25:35.960 --> 00:25:40.070 hours eventually the noises outside fade 00:25:40.080 --> 00:25:43.430 replaced by an eerie Stillness no one 00:25:43.440 --> 00:25:47.110 moves no one speaks the silence is worse 00:25:47.120 --> 00:25:49.669 than the screams a suffocating weight 00:25:49.679 --> 00:25:51.630 that presses down on everyone in the 00:25:51.640 --> 00:25:55.029 cave I can feel their fear like a 00:25:55.039 --> 00:25:57.830 physical presence a tangible force in 00:25:57.840 --> 00:25:59.350 the dark 00:25:59.360 --> 00:26:01.269 the leader crawls to the entrance and 00:26:01.279 --> 00:26:04.870 peers out his face is a mask of grief 00:26:04.880 --> 00:26:07.750 and exhaustion when he returns they're 00:26:07.760 --> 00:26:11.990 gone he whispers his voice horse the 00:26:12.000 --> 00:26:14.389 silence in the cave is deafening it's 00:26:14.399 --> 00:26:16.909 not the peaceful kind of Silence the 00:26:16.919 --> 00:26:19.789 kind that settles after a storm no this 00:26:19.799 --> 00:26:22.269 is something different it's a silence 00:26:22.279 --> 00:26:25.549 born of fear of loss of the horrifying 00:26:25.559 --> 00:26:27.470 realization that nothing will ever be 00:26:27.480 --> 00:26:29.230 the same again 00:26:29.240 --> 00:26:31.789 the survivors sit in the dim light their 00:26:31.799 --> 00:26:34.230 bodies pressed against the cold Jagged 00:26:34.240 --> 00:26:37.190 walls the woman with a child trembles 00:26:37.200 --> 00:26:39.750 holding her little one close her eyes 00:26:39.760 --> 00:26:41.750 darting toward the Cave's entrance with 00:26:41.760 --> 00:26:45.149 every sound the leader his face lined 00:26:45.159 --> 00:26:48.190 with exhaustion and grief stares blankly 00:26:48.200 --> 00:26:51.070 into the darkness blood still streaks 00:26:51.080 --> 00:26:53.470 his arms not his own but that of his 00:26:53.480 --> 00:26:56.549 Fallen kin it's clear they've been here 00:26:56.559 --> 00:26:58.830 before this isn't the the first time 00:26:58.840 --> 00:27:01.149 they've lost loved ones nor will it be 00:27:01.159 --> 00:27:04.230 the last but tonight feels different 00:27:04.240 --> 00:27:06.470 tonight the Neanderthals didn't just 00:27:06.480 --> 00:27:10.789 take lives they took hope hours pass the 00:27:10.799 --> 00:27:13.789 fire at the Cave's entrance Burns low 00:27:13.799 --> 00:27:16.310 casting flickering Shadows that seem to 00:27:16.320 --> 00:27:19.350 dance like Restless spirits on the rocky 00:27:19.360 --> 00:27:22.909 walls the group is quiet too drained to 00:27:22.919 --> 00:27:26.190 even mourn one of the elders a wiry 00:27:26.200 --> 00:27:29.269 woman with sunken eyes begins murmuring 00:27:29.279 --> 00:27:32.269 softly a rhythmic chant that feels older 00:27:32.279 --> 00:27:33.269 than the 00:27:33.279 --> 00:27:36.789 Stars her voice is shaky but steady a 00:27:36.799 --> 00:27:39.029 thread of humanity in a world that seems 00:27:39.039 --> 00:27:39.870 to be 00:27:39.880 --> 00:27:42.950 unraveling a young boy barely old enough 00:27:42.960 --> 00:27:46.389 to hold a spear watches her his face is 00:27:46.399 --> 00:27:49.590 pale streaked with dirt and tears but in 00:27:49.600 --> 00:27:52.269 her voice he finds something to hold on 00:27:52.279 --> 00:27:55.470 to he closes his eyes clutching a small 00:27:55.480 --> 00:27:57.789 Stone pendant hanging around his neck 00:27:57.799 --> 00:28:00.029 perhaps perhaps a Keepsake from his 00:28:00.039 --> 00:28:03.230 father that he just lost for a brief 00:28:03.240 --> 00:28:05.190 moment it feels as though the cave 00:28:05.200 --> 00:28:07.870 itself is holding its breath offering 00:28:07.880 --> 00:28:10.590 these fragile beings a fleeting sense of 00:28:10.600 --> 00:28:13.750 protection but the calm is temporary it 00:28:13.760 --> 00:28:17.669 always is the leader finally Rises his 00:28:17.679 --> 00:28:20.389 movement slow and deliberate Like A man 00:28:20.399 --> 00:28:22.430 carrying the weight of the world on his 00:28:22.440 --> 00:28:26.070 shoulders we can't stay here he mutters 00:28:26.080 --> 00:28:29.430 breaking the silence his words hang in 00:28:29.440 --> 00:28:32.830 the air heavy and inevitable the group 00:28:32.840 --> 00:28:35.149 doesn't respond immediately they know 00:28:35.159 --> 00:28:37.870 he's right the Neanderthals are 00:28:37.880 --> 00:28:40.950 Relentless they always come back the 00:28:40.960 --> 00:28:43.590 caves might Shield them for a night but 00:28:43.600 --> 00:28:46.950 come morning they'll need to move to 00:28:46.960 --> 00:28:49.350 scatter to find another fragile 00:28:49.360 --> 00:28:52.470 sanctuary in a world that offers none 00:28:52.480 --> 00:28:55.389 and yet where can they go the 00:28:55.399 --> 00:28:57.430 Neanderthals know the land better than 00:28:57.440 --> 00:28:59.070 they ever will 00:28:59.080 --> 00:29:00.909 every step forward feels like stepping 00:29:00.919 --> 00:29:02.549 deeper into enemy 00:29:02.559 --> 00:29:05.630 territory the leader's eyes flicker with 00:29:05.640 --> 00:29:08.789 doubt but he doesn't let it show if he 00:29:08.799 --> 00:29:12.509 falters so will they the leader takes a 00:29:12.519 --> 00:29:15.149 deep breath his jaw tightening as he 00:29:15.159 --> 00:29:18.070 looks over the huddled group they're 00:29:18.080 --> 00:29:21.350 broken but alive and for now that's 00:29:21.360 --> 00:29:24.669 enough he kneels by the fire his hands 00:29:24.679 --> 00:29:27.230 trembling as he Stokes the Embers 00:29:27.240 --> 00:29:30.509 coaxing the flame back to life we leave 00:29:30.519 --> 00:29:33.430 at First Flight he says finally his 00:29:33.440 --> 00:29:36.750 voice steady but Hollow the group nods 00:29:36.760 --> 00:29:40.669 in unison their faces Grim but resigned 00:29:40.679 --> 00:29:42.909 they've survived one night they'll have 00:29:42.919 --> 00:29:46.389 to survive the next and then the next 00:29:46.399 --> 00:29:48.470 until something 00:29:48.480 --> 00:29:51.590 changes as I fade from this moment the 00:29:51.600 --> 00:29:54.350 weight of their struggle lingers they 00:29:54.360 --> 00:29:57.070 were prey in a world ruled by Predators 00:29:57.080 --> 00:29:59.230 caught in a game of survival where the 00:29:59.240 --> 00:30:02.149 odds were never in their favor but 00:30:02.159 --> 00:30:03.990 somewhere in the flicker of their Fire 00:30:04.000 --> 00:30:08.190 Light I see a spark small fragile but 00:30:08.200 --> 00:30:10.509 unyielding it's the spark of something 00:30:10.519 --> 00:30:13.470 that will one day change everything what 00:30:13.480 --> 00:30:15.990 happens next isn't just survival it's a 00:30:16.000 --> 00:30:19.669 shift a turning point and it will alter 00:30:19.679 --> 00:30:31.720 the fate of both species forever 00:30:31.730 --> 00:30:35.750 [Music] 00:30:35.760 --> 00:30:37.909 thanks for diving into this wild topic 00:30:37.919 --> 00:30:40.950 with me today I'm Ralph that's Wendell 00:30:40.960 --> 00:30:42.269 and you've just finished another 00:30:42.279 --> 00:30:45.110 fascinating ride on Divergent history if 00:30:45.120 --> 00:30:47.310 you had fun or picked up something new 00:30:47.320 --> 00:30:49.909 do me a favor hit subscribe share this 00:30:49.919 --> 00:30:51.710 video and smash all those buttons that 00:30:51.720 --> 00:30:54.389 tell the YouTube overlords we're worth 00:30:54.399 --> 00:30:56.870 watching seriously it's the small 00:30:56.880 --> 00:30:58.789 channels like ours that need every click 00:30:58.799 --> 00:31:01.350 to stay afloat in this giant sea of 00:31:01.360 --> 00:31:04.470 content but here's the truth you are the 00:31:04.480 --> 00:31:06.590 secret sauce of this channel your 00:31:06.600 --> 00:31:09.350 curiosity your ideas and your theories 00:31:09.360 --> 00:31:12.070 make these episodes what they are so 00:31:12.080 --> 00:31:14.230 what's your take on this one do you have 00:31:14.240 --> 00:31:16.629 a theory a question that's been gnawing 00:31:16.639 --> 00:31:19.830 at your brain or maybe just a wild idea 00:31:19.840 --> 00:31:22.070 we should tackle next drop it in the 00:31:22.080 --> 00:31:25.110 comments I promise I read them all who 00:31:25.120 --> 00:31:27.470 knows your suggestion might just become 00:31:27.480 --> 00:31:29.750 our next next great adventure and if 00:31:29.760 --> 00:31:32.070 you're feeling extra generous consider 00:31:32.080 --> 00:31:34.350 joining the Divergent history crew on 00:31:34.360 --> 00:31:36.590 patreon not only will you get some 00:31:36.600 --> 00:31:38.830 awesome member only perks but you'll 00:31:38.840 --> 00:31:41.149 also help keep this channel alive and 00:31:41.159 --> 00:31:44.470 thriving now remember together we're 00:31:44.480 --> 00:31:46.710 uncovering truths bigger than what they 00:31:46.720 --> 00:31:48.269 try to sweep under the 00:31:48.279 --> 00:31:51.190 rug you are the heart of this journey 00:31:51.200 --> 00:31:53.149 and I can't wait to explore the next 00:31:53.159 --> 00:31:57.070 story with you so until next time stay 00:31:57.080 --> 00:32:00.269 curious stay kind and know that you are 00:32:00.279 --> 00:32:05.160 truly appreciated have a great night 00:32:05.170 --> 00:32:09.229 [Music]