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jinsa is a Chinese philosophical term

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often translated as gentleman or

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superior person

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Confucius employed this term in his

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works to describe the ideal man in

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Confucianism the sage is the ideal

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personality however it's a very hard

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path to follow and so Confucius created

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the concept of Junsu which is

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significantly more achievable by any

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given individual Confucius was one of

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the greatest eastern philosophers of all

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time and he believed in encouraging good

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virtues careful thinking and discipline

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he also believed that if rulers could

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become better people the ruled would

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follow their example yielding a better

18
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community for everyone thus Confucius

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talked to philosophy rich in benevolence

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and good behavior employing an ideal

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archetype in which moral qualities could

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be symbolized Confucius states that

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there are five virtues that make up a

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true gentleman according to him an

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individual who can practice all five of

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them can be considered a superior man a

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portrayal of true manhood or put simply

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a gentleman although it should be noted

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that while Confucius spoke of gentlemen

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and true manhood he was merely a victim

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of the age that he lived in and of

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course these lessons apply to all people

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equally not just men but before we go

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ahead with the virtues of a gentleman

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now let's get into those five virtues of

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a true gentleman number one the virtue

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of Shem Confucius says gen is to love

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others in the Analects confucius

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mentioned gem over 100 times that he

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never formally defined it in the English

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world scholars have translated gem by

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many terms benevolence love altruism

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kindness charity compassion magnanimity

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humane miss Hulett ii perfect virtue

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goodness and so forth all these

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interpretations however share two

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notions every human being has the

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capacity to possess gen and gen

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manifests itself when a virtuous person

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treats others with humane Ness it

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manifests itself in the inner mind in

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love and compassion for people and in

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avoiding harm or Envy towards anyone

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according to Confucius being a gentleman

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does not require a high social rank a

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fine appearance or an eloquent manner of

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speech rather it requires that one

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embody goodness in one's relationships

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with others according to Mencius one of

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the best-known students of Confucius the

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virtue of Shen is naturally present in

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everyone for example if a child were to

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fall into a well you'd naturally go and

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try and save the child you don't have to

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love the child to save them you'll save

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them because of your instinct to care

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and it's this that shows that compassion

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is present in everyone in situations

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like this a person who holds a who cares

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attitude is one without a human heart in

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the modern world many of us are guilty

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of this who cares attitude many of us

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for example regularly pass homeless

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individuals on the street without

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acknowledgement the best way to practice

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the virtue of gem is by following

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Confucian

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is Golden Rule which is what one does

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not wish for oneself one ought not to do

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to anyone else it means people should

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treat others as they would want to be

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treated themselves if everyone were to

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follow this rule everyone would be

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treated well ensuring order and harmony

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in wider society for Confucians the most

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natural and important site for the

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expression of Shen is the family it's

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only by cultivating love among family

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members that the nation in turn can

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demonstrate love this is so because a

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nation is a combination of homes which

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are made up of different family members

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without love and mutual respect by all

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family members whether parent or child

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it's impossible to instill the high

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moral values we'd like to see everyone

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achieve as such the more families that

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do demonstrate mutual love and respect

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the more harmonious coexistence of the

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wider community where the local national

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or global things will improve on a

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national level if a government really is

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one of gem one which takes could care of

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its people and in theory there would be

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no crime or poverty number two the

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virtue of Lee in the words of Confucius

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look not at what is contrary to

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propriety listen not to what is contrary

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to propriety speak not what is contrary

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to propriety make no movement which is

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contrary to propriety Lee is proper

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conduct through participating in various

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cultural practices that will develop the

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superior person the English meaning of

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Lee is the way things should be done it

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is a virtue of community and one's

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interactions and responsibilities

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towards others according to Confucius

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the gentleman must be aware of the way

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he should act and function within a

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society Lee is closely related to

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fairness and justice and one can best

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cultivate their character by

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understanding what it entails Lee

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primarily encompasses the establishment

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of the five constant relationships and

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to participate in these relationships

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well the five constant relationships

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outline how one should act in society

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being the relationships between parent

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and child

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husband and wife all

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younger siblings and friends and even

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ruler and subject with these constant

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relationship guidelines Li sets up a

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hierarchy between the two people and

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defines terms for the accepted responses

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and actions between them a parent is to

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be loving a child obedient an elder

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sibling is to be gentle and younger

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siblings respectful husbands are to be

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good and fair and wives understanding

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older friends are to be considerate

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younger friends reverential rulers

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should be benevolent and subjects loyal

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this means that if you're in government

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then as a gentleman you should be kind

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and work towards the betterment of your

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people if you're a regular citizen then

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you should be loyal towards your elected

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head this rule also applies in your

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professional life if you are in a

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position of power in your workplace then

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you should be moral fair and lead by

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example if you are an intern or just

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starting out with your career then you

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should be loyal and respectful to your

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seniors if one follows the concept of Li

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each of these relationships will be

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marked with harmony and since three out

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of these five relationships deal with

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family confucius asserts that when the

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principal relationships of the family is

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tranquil Li will slip into the culture

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all of society from the home to the

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village to the nation will be tranquil

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another aspect of proper conduct and

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participating in proper cultural

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practices is zal this is to practice

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what is referred to as filial piety

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which means having reverence for your

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family it means that family is our

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priority

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according to Confucius a gentleman

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should have a profound respect for his

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parents and should practice filial piety

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especially when his parents get old

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filial piety is how children show their

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gratitude by repaying their parents for

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their kindness love and caring people

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from Asia are often more communal and

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family orientated therefore children

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have more respect for their elders and

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will take care of aging parents in their

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own homes until they die this is

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completely opposite to what the majority

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of us follow in the West we are

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unusually focused on individualism and

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consumption and hence all too often we

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show

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very little respect for our aging

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parents and extended family we're so

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busy developing our own careers raising

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kids and being absorbed in our own lives

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that we send our aging parents to

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institutions according to Confucius when

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parents are alive a good son does not

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stray too far from his parents children

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should always take care of their aging

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parents as they helped us to grow up and

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without them we wouldn't be in this

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world to begin with our parents made a

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lot of sacrifices for us in their lives

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and the gentleman will always show his

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love and gratitude for elderly parents

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by taking care of them the third way of

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conducting oneself properly in society

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is Confucius's idea of doctrine of the

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mean doctrine of the mean is the way in

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which one should make decisions in life

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in which the best decision is always the

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middle between unworkable extremes

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taking the middle road as Confucius said

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would guide one to the way things should

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be done it means living in moderation

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not striving for excess and to always

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value compromise Confucius tried to

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establish these customs because at that

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time everyone was living in a very

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chaotic period of Chinese society due to

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States constantly fighting among

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themselves but the world today is very

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different and far more complex and this

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is primarily due to our need to

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over-consume according to the World

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Health Organization worldwide obesity

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tripled between 1975 and 2016 other

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studies show one in eight American

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adults is an alcoholic one divorce

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happens every 13 seconds and over 16

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million adults are said to have gone

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through depression in the United States

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alone so slow down for your health for

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people around you and for your fellow

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less fortunate countrymen who might

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benefit if you consume less number three

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the virtue of Shem Confucius tells us if

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either wealth or poverty are come by

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honestly there is no shame Shin is

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usually understood as honesty integrity

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trustworthiness faithfulness or

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sincerity

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Confucius held faithfulness to be an

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indispensable vert

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to for a human being it is considered as

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an essential concept of Confucianism and

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is commonly recognized as the standard

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of value and virtue for Chinese people

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Confucius taught his disciples to be

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honest and told them that in study if

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you know a thing say you know it if you

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don't know say so he thought that it was

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the correct attitude towards study

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because only a man of faithfulness

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should be appointed some task otherwise

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survival would be hardly possible he

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also called a man without faith mien and

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kept an aloof distance from them once

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Trust is broken it can never be fully

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regained although I'm sorry can make

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certain ugly situations better it can't

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heal rifts or set things back to how

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they were before if someone finds out

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that you've lied to them they'll never

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be able to fully trust you again even if

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you spend the rest of your life being a

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complete Paragon of honesty and

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integrity the person you lied to will

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always wonder if you're being dishonest

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on some level you can be sincere to your

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very marrow but they won't ever have

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true faith in you again according to

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Confucius honesty is necessary whether

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in ruling a country or conducting

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oneself honesty is a prerequisite to

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establishing good relationships ensuring

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friendly coexistence and normal

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communication as honesty is key to

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promoting understanding building trust

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and improving relationships in business

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circles honesty and faithfulness can

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improve market confidence aid

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interactions with international markets

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and boost economic growth on a national

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and global level honesty is an important

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guarantee for a society to exist and

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develop a faithful and honest government

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00:12:49,290 --> 00:12:54,780
can help unite all citizens and promote

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the fast development of a society hence

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a gentleman should always be honest

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because honesty is the foundation upon

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which one can enhance his

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self-cultivation

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settle down and get on with his pursuits

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and gaining achievements number four the

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virtue of cheer according to Confucius

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by three methods we may learn wisdom

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first by reflection which is noblest

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second is by imitation which is easiest

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third by experience which is the

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bitterest the fourth virtue is cheer

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which is best translated as practical

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wisdom

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it's the innate knowledge by which one

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judges right and wrong good and evil

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practical wisdom allows a person to make

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correct judgments regarding actions

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which leads to appropriate conduct and

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adherence to ritual and roles within

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relationships and social structures this

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practical wisdom also stems from the

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Confucians love of learning and

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according to this a gentleman should

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always have an active role in the

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learning process when a person learns it

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is at first only ideas but as these

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ideas are reflected and reasoned out

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through thought and practical

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application they become knowledge an

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accumulation of this knowledge with

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practical application becomes a

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specialized form of wisdom practical

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wisdom the three most effective methods

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to learn wisdom according to Confucius

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00:14:14,520 --> 00:14:21,089
are one learning wisdom by reflection

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according to Confucius this method is

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the noblest one reflection is about you

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becoming aware of your own thinking

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00:14:25,860 --> 00:14:31,110
processes it enables assessment of the

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why and how of learning and what needs

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to be done as a result if your everyday

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life is full of chaos you might not be

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ready to reflect upon new subjects you

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desire to learn you'll need to prepare

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Diaries and observations of your

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understanding so that you can come back

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00:14:43,830 --> 00:14:51,200
to it frequently and attach further

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context to learning wisdom by imitation

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Confucius says this is the easiest

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method to learn it's a social form of

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learning where you pick up from one

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another via observation imitation and

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modeling it includes attention memory

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and motivation a good example of this

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00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:11,990
would be watching videos on Skillshare 3

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learning wisdom by experience

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according to Confucian philosophy this

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is the bitterest way to learn your

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uniqueness your character and your life

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all that is cast by your experiences

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00:15:22,200 --> 00:15:26,760
each one of us goes through different

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transformations with mixed variables

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which remain unique and challenging man

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00:15:29,760 --> 00:15:32,899
is the product of these learning

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00:15:31,320 --> 00:15:35,869
experiences no

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00:15:32,899 --> 00:15:37,999
comes but wisdom remains and that comes

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from experience and maturity

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00:15:37,999 --> 00:15:42,769
this virtue is important for many

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reasons but probably the most important

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is due to the danger of ignorance

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00:15:45,069 --> 00:15:49,819
according to Confucius one who is

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00:15:47,540 --> 00:15:52,100
ignorant or does not desire to learn is

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00:15:49,819 --> 00:15:54,249
in danger of leading a foolish existence

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00:15:52,100 --> 00:15:57,589
and spreading folly among other people

400
00:15:54,249 --> 00:15:59,360
in a sense it precedes the other virtues

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00:15:57,589 --> 00:16:01,699
because without wisdom one will have no

402
00:15:59,360 --> 00:16:03,769
sense of ethics or social skills or even

403
00:16:01,699 --> 00:16:07,279
just plain common sense the other

404
00:16:03,769 --> 00:16:09,259
virtues require for guidance the act of

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00:16:07,279 --> 00:16:10,819
learning and living in wisdom brings

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00:16:09,259 --> 00:16:15,439
with it virtue and a meaningful

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00:16:10,819 --> 00:16:19,850
impactful life number five the virtue of

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00:16:15,439 --> 00:16:22,519
e Confucius says the superior man is

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00:16:19,850 --> 00:16:24,949
easy to serve and difficult to please if

410
00:16:22,519 --> 00:16:26,569
you try to please him in any way which

411
00:16:24,949 --> 00:16:29,720
is not accordant with right

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00:16:26,569 --> 00:16:31,910
he will not be pleased e can be

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described as righteousness and justice

414
00:16:31,910 --> 00:16:37,399
it signifies what is right Confucius

415
00:16:35,360 --> 00:16:39,800
considered righteousness as part of the

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essence of a true gentleman as an

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00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:44,149
essential human virtue e

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is something good a man values and holds

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00:16:44,149 --> 00:16:48,740
important but the desire to be righteous

420
00:16:46,579 --> 00:16:51,980
often conflicts with other values such

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00:16:48,740 --> 00:16:53,540
as power influence or wealth let's say

422
00:16:51,980 --> 00:16:55,129
that your office colleagues talk badly

423
00:16:53,540 --> 00:16:57,980
about someone in his absence

424
00:16:55,129 --> 00:17:00,559
you know gossiping is bad but you don't

425
00:16:57,980 --> 00:17:02,779
want to go against your colleagues you

426
00:17:00,559 --> 00:17:05,299
bow to peer pressure and you too start

427
00:17:02,779 --> 00:17:08,240
gossiping this is cowardly

428
00:17:05,299 --> 00:17:11,299
according to Confucius you should not do

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00:17:08,240 --> 00:17:13,520
what you do not feel is right according

430
00:17:11,299 --> 00:17:15,799
to Confucius when a person knows what's

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00:17:13,520 --> 00:17:19,039
right it's that person's responsibility

432
00:17:15,799 --> 00:17:21,049
to act on it regardless of the risk to

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00:17:19,039 --> 00:17:23,209
not act rightly is less of a problem

434
00:17:21,049 --> 00:17:25,579
than knowing what is right and not doing

435
00:17:23,209 --> 00:17:27,980
it because ethical behavior will only

436
00:17:25,579 --> 00:17:30,080
result when moral considerations take

437
00:17:27,980 --> 00:17:32,149
precedence over competing values and

438
00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:34,070
inner desires and managed through the

439
00:17:32,149 --> 00:17:36,919
development of virtues that make up a

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00:17:34,070 --> 00:17:38,929
moral character Confucianism just like

441
00:17:36,919 --> 00:17:40,549
stoicism believes that one should never

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00:17:38,929 --> 00:17:42,980
compromise on the virtue of his

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00:17:40,549 --> 00:17:45,080
character for example if one is

444
00:17:42,980 --> 00:17:45,650
obtaining wealth by compromising one's

445
00:17:45,080 --> 00:17:48,190
moral

446
00:17:45,650 --> 00:17:50,720
then that wealth should not be kept

447
00:17:48,190 --> 00:17:52,820
while Confucius emphasized the

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importance of cultivating moral virtues

449
00:17:52,820 --> 00:17:57,500
within one's heart and mind he insisted

450
00:17:55,160 --> 00:17:59,510
that once cultivation of character must

451
00:17:57,500 --> 00:18:02,480
involve extending those virtues to

452
00:17:59,510 --> 00:18:04,820
others the difference between a morally

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00:18:02,480 --> 00:18:06,830
superior and a morally deficient person

454
00:18:04,820 --> 00:18:08,600
is that the former has understood what

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00:18:06,830 --> 00:18:10,700
is righteous in one's own self and

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00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:13,520
extended it to others while the latter

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is devoted only to satisfying his or her

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own interests learning for the

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00:18:16,850 --> 00:18:22,400
Confucians has two purposes the first is

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to learn to be an upright moral person

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this is the ideal of a gentleman or a

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superior person after the gentleman has

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00:18:28,100 --> 00:18:32,510
cultivated virtues and elevated his

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00:18:30,170 --> 00:18:35,179
character it is then possible for him to

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apply what he's learned to serve the

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people and the state is considered the

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ultimate purpose of learning and a moral

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obligation of a true gentleman one

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begins life in a family and then moves

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outward towards increasingly more

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00:18:46,010 --> 00:18:50,570
complex social relationships these

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relationships help define the person and

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influence their ethical characteristics

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00:18:52,550 --> 00:18:57,470
and so we can see human growth as a

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00:18:55,400 --> 00:18:59,450
broadening of vision of relationships

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00:18:57,470 --> 00:19:02,270
and of the ethical bonds that hold

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00:18:59,450 --> 00:19:04,400
people together from the teachings of

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Confucius there is no indication that a

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gentleman looks upon his endeavors and

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00:19:06,170 --> 00:19:10,400
looks down upon those below him but

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rather a gentleman's endeavors poor

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others towards him so if you enjoyed

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00:19:13,940 --> 00:19:17,480
this video please do make sure to check

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00:19:15,830 --> 00:19:19,640
out the full philosophies for life

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00:19:17,480 --> 00:19:21,620
Channel and for more videos to help you

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00:19:19,640 --> 00:19:23,780
find success and happiness using ancient

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00:19:21,620 --> 00:19:25,929
philosophical wisdom don't forget to

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