Microbiome Profiling Highlights Impact of Butyrate Loss on Post-Transplant Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma: With Pooja M. Phull, MD

In today’s episode, we had the pleasure of speaking with Pooja M. Phull, MD, a hematologist/oncologist at the John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center in New Jersey, about emerging insights into the gut microbiome and its clinical relevance in multiple myeloma. Dr Phull discussed how microbial composition—particularly the presence of butyrate-producing bacteria—may influence therapeutic responsiveness, sustained minimal residual disease negativity, and long-term outcomes for patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.

In our exclusive interview, Dr Phull reviewed findings from a translational study that longitudinally profiled the fecal microbiome of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma, highlighting the significant post-transplant depletion of beneficial short-chain, fatty acid–producing organisms and its association with inferior progression-free survival. She also outlined supportive laboratory and in vivo data demonstrating the antitumor effects of butyrate and discussed how microbiome profiling may serve as both a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target.

Additionally, Dr Phull explored how dietary patterns, lifestyle factors, and antibiotic stewardship may contribute to preserving gut microbial health, and she emphasized the growing need for prospective studies to clarify how these interventions could enhance treatment outcomes for patients with active myeloma and precursor conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma.